How to implement simple text string processing in Python
这篇文章主要介绍了Python实现简单文本字符串处理的方法,涉及Python针对文本字符串的切割、计算、转换等相关操作技巧,需要的朋友可以参考下
本文实例讲述了Python实现简单文本字符串处理的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
对于一个文本字符串，可以使用Python的string.split()方法将其切割。下面看看实际运行效果。
mySent = 'This book is the best book on python!' print mySent.split()
输出：
['This', 'book', 'is', 'the', 'best', 'book', 'on', 'python!']
可以看到，切分的效果不错，但是标点符号也被当成了词，可以使用正则表达式来处理，其中分隔符是除单词、数字外的任意字符串。
import re reg = re.compile('\\W*') mySent = 'This book is the best book on python!' listof = reg.split(mySent) print listof
输出为：
['This', 'book', 'is', 'the', 'best', 'book', 'on', 'python', '']
现在得到了一系列词组成的词表，但是里面的空字符串需要去掉。
可以计算每个字符串的长度，只返回大于0的字符串。
import re reg = re.compile('\\W*') mySent = 'This book is the best book on python!' listof = reg.split(mySent) new_list = [tok for tok in listof if len(tok)>0] print new_list
输出为：
['This', 'book', 'is', 'the', 'best', 'book', 'on', 'python']
最后，发现句子中的第一个字母是大写的。我们需要同一形式，把大写转化为小写。Python内嵌的方法，可以将字符串全部转化为小写(.lower())或大写(.upper())
import re reg = re.compile('\\W*') mySent = 'This book is the best book on python!' listof = reg.split(mySent) new_list = [tok.lower() for tok in listof if len(tok)>0] print new_list
输出为：
['This', 'book', 'is', 'the', 'best', 'book', 'on', 'python']
下面来看一封完整的电子邮件：
内容
Hi Peter, With Jose out of town, do you want to meet once in a while to keep things going and do some interesting stuff? Let me know Eugene
import re reg = re.compile('\\W*') email = open('email.txt').read() list = reg.split(email) new_txt = [tok.lower() for tok in list if len(tok)>0] print new_txt
输出：
复制代码 代码如下:
['hi', 'peter', 'with', 'jose', 'out', 'of', 'town', 'do', 'you', 'want', 'to', 'meet', 'once', 'in', 'a', 'while', 'to', 'keep', 'things', 'going', 'and', 'do', 'some', 'interesting', 'stuff', 'let', 'me', 'know', 'eugene']
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