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Detailed explanation of python string, bytes, bytearray types
Detailed explanation of python string, bytes, bytearray types
Python3 makes a distinction between text and binary data. The text is Unicode encoded, str type, used for display. The binary type is bytes type, used for storage and transmission. bytes is a sequence of bytes, and str is a sequence of unicode. This article mainly introduces the python string type bytes type bytearray type. Friends who need it can refer to it. I hope it can help everyone.
1. str type:
>>> s = u'你好' >>> s '你好' >>> type(s) <class 'str'>
bytes type:
>>> b = b'abc' >>> b b'abc' >>> type(b) <class 'bytes'>
2. The conversion relationship between str and bytes: str-->encode()-->bytes-->decode()-->str
Conversion method one: encode( ), decode()
>>> a = u'你好'
>>> b = a.encode('utf-8')
>>> b
b'\xe4\xbd\xa0\xe5\xa5\xbd'
>>> type(b)
<class 'bytes'>
>>> new_a = b.decode('utf-8')
>>> new_a
'你好'
>>> type(new_a)
<class 'str'>Conversion method two: bytes(), str()
>>> a = u'你好' >>> b= bytes(a, encoding='utf-8') >>> b b'\xe4\xbd\xa0\xe5\xa5\xbd' >>> type(b) <class 'bytes'> >>> new_a = str(b, encoding='utf-8') >>> new_a '你好' >>> type(new_a) <class 'str'>
3. Bytearray type
The bytearray class is a variable sequence in the range 0 < = x < 256.
The optional source parameter can be used to initialize the array in several different ways:
• If it is a string, then you must also give the encoding (and optionally an error) Parameters; bytearray() then uses str.encode() to convert the string to bytes.
• If it is an integer, then the array will have this size and will be initialized with null bytes.
• If it is an object conforming to the buffer interface, the byte array will be initialized using the object's read-only buffer.
•If it is an iterable, then it must be an iteration of integers in the range 0 < = array of 0.
>>> b = bytearray(u'你好', encoding='utf-8') >>> b bytearray(b'\xe4\xbd\xa0\xe5\xa5\xbd') >>> type(b) <class 'bytearray'></p> <p></p>When the source parameter is an integer: <p></p> <p></p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"> >>> b = bytearray(5) >>> b bytearray(b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00') >>> type(b) <class 'bytearray'>
>>> b = bytearray([1, 2, 3, 4, 255]) >>> b bytearray(b'\x01\x02\x03\x04\xff') >>> type(b) <class 'bytearray'
>>> b = bytearray() >>> b bytearray(b'') >>> b.append(10) >>> b bytearray(b'\n') >>> b.append(100) >>> b bytearray(b'\nd') >>> b.remove(100) >>> b bytearray(b'\n') >>> b.insert(0, 150) >>> b bytearray(b'\x96\n') >>> b.extend([1, 3, 5]) >>> b bytearray(b'\x96\n\x01\x03\x05') >>> b.pop(2) 1 >>> b bytearray(b'\x96\n\x03\x05') >>> b.reverse() >>> b bytearray(b'\x05\x03\n\x96') >>> b.clear() >>> b bytearray(b'')<p></p>5. Conversion of bytes and bytearray<p></p> <p></p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"> >>> b = b'abcdef' >>> bay = bytearray(b) >>> bay bytearray(b'abcdef') >>> b = bytes(bay) >>> b b'abcdef'
>>> a = 'abcdef' >>> b = bytearray(a, encoding='utf-8') >>> b bytearray(b'abcdef') >>> a = b.decode(encoding='utf-8') >>> a 'abcdef'
A brief discussion on several sorting methods of numpy arrays_python
Describe the maximum continuous subsequence in Python language and
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