Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySQL学习笔记8-性能优化_MySQL

MySQL学习笔记8-性能优化_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:26 PM

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SHOW STATUS LIKE ‘value'; 查询MySQL数据库的性能。

value参数 Connections:连接MySQL服务器的次数Uptime:MySQL服务器的上线时间Slow_queries:慢查询的次数Com_lelect:查询操作的次数Com_insert:插入操作的次数Com_delete:删除操作的次数查询MySQL服务器的连接次数:SHOW STATUS LIKE 'Connections';优化查询 分析语句查询 EXPLAIN SELECT语句;DESCRIBE SELECT 语句;索引对查询速度的影响 分析查询优化:EXPLAIN 数据库查询语句使用索引不但会自动优化查询效率,同时也降低服务器的开销。使用索引查询 应用LIKE关键字优化索引查询

如果匹配字符串中,第一个字符为百分号”%“时,索引不会被使用,如果”%“所在匹配字符串的位置不是第一位置,则索引会被正常使用。查询语句中使用多列索引

CREATE INDEX index_student_info ON studentinfo(name, sex);

索引必须是应用第一个字段才可以正常使用。查询语句中使用OR关键字

要求查询的两个字段必须同为索引,如果所搜索的条件中,有一个字段不为索引,则在查询中不会应用索引进行查询。 优化数据库结构 将字段很多的表分解成多个表增加中间表优化插入记录的速度 禁用索引

禁用索引的语句:ALTER TABLE 表名 DISABLE KEYS;

重新开启索引的语句:ALTER TABLE 表名 ENABLE KEYS;禁用唯一检查性

SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=0;

重新开启唯一性检查的语句:SET NINQUE_CHECKS=1;优化INSERT语句

当插入大量数据时,建议使用一个INSERT语句插入多条记录的方式;而且,如果能用LOAD DATA INFILE语句,就尽量使用LOAD DADTA INFILE语句,因为LOAD DATA INFILE语句导入的速度比INSERT语句的速度快。

INSERT [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED | HIGH_PRIORITY] [IGNORE]

[INTO] tbl_name [(col_name,...)] VALUES ({expr | DEFAULT},...),(...),...

[ ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE col_name=expr, ... ] 分析表

基本语法:ANALYZE TABLE 表名1[表名2...];检查表

基本语法:CHECK TABLE 表名1[,表名2][option]

能够检查InnoDB和MyISAM类型的表是否存在错误;而且,该语句还可以检查视图是否存在错误。优化表

MySQL中使用OPTIMIZE TABLE 语句来优化表,基本语法:OPTIMIZE TABLES 表名1[表名2...];

通过OPTIMIZE TABLE 语句可以消除删除和更新造成的磁盘碎片,从而减少空间的浪费。该语句在执行过程中也会给表加上只读锁。查询高速缓存 检查高速缓存是否开启

SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%quer_cache %';使用高速缓存

SELECT SQL_CACHE * FROM 表名;

一旦表有变化,查询这个表的高速缓存将会失效,且将从高速缓存中删除。这样防止查询从旧表中返回无效数据。另外,不使用高速缓存查找可以应用SQL_NO_CACHE关键字。优化多表查询优化表设计 在设计数据表时应优先考虑使用特定字段长度,后考虑使用变长字段。使用OPTMIZE TABLE命令处理用户经常操作的表。

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