html escape -
你可能会发现,在HTML中输入某些字符时,可能会出现不正确的结果。事实上,一些字符在HTML中是有特殊含义的,因此,我们需要使用转义字符以避免这种情况。
什么是HTML转义?
HTML转义是指使用特定的字符序列来代替HTML代码中的可解释字符。例如,在HTML中使用" < "会被编译器解释为标签的开始,因此,我们需要使用 < 来代替 "<"。
HTML转义字符表
下面是一些常用的HTML转义:
字符 描述 转义
< 小于 <
大于 >Copy after login& 与号 &
" 引号 "
' 单引号 '
需要注意的是,用于转义的字符序列必须使用分号";"结束。如果缺少分号,则不会进行正确的转义。
HTML转义的用途
- 防止跨站点脚本攻击(XSS)
XSS是一种常见的网络攻击,它利用了网站的漏洞,注入人为编写的恶意脚本,以窃取用户的敏感信息或实施其他恶意行为。一些恶意脚本可以伪装成标签,从而绕过浏览器的过滤机制。使用HTML转义可以有效预防这种攻击,因为它会将代码中的特殊符号转义为文本,无法被执行。
- 保证数据的完整性
在HTML中,负责格式化文本的标签可能会被非法用户滥用,从而导致文本格式遭到破坏。使用HTML转义可以防止这种情况,因为标签将会被正确地呈现,而不会被解释。
总结
HTML转义是一种重要的保护机制,它能有效预防XSS攻击、保证数据的完整性,从而确保网站的安全性。在编写HTML代码时,务必要注意正确使用HTML转义字符表中的转义字符,以保证代码的正确性和可读性。
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