Table of Contents
背景
具体实现
️ 摄像头拍照
屏幕截图
写邮件
MIMEMultipart 类型
️ 发邮件
台式机唤醒后触发 python 脚本
Windows 脚本
任务计划程序
Home Backend Development Python Tutorial How to use a Python script to automatically take photos, take screenshots and send email notifications after the computer wakes up

How to use a Python script to automatically take photos, take screenshots and send email notifications after the computer wakes up

Apr 19, 2023 pm 11:07 PM
python computer

    背景

    背景是这样的, 我的家里台式机常年 休眠, 并配置了 Wake On Lan (WOL) 方便远程唤醒并使用.

    但是我发现, 偶尔台式机会被其他情况唤醒, 这时候我并不知道, 结果白白运行了好几天, 浪费了很多电.

    所以我的需求是这样的:

    电脑唤醒后(可能是开机, 有可能是从休眠状态唤醒), 自动做如下几件事:

    • 摄像头拍照(判断是不是有人在使用)

    • 屏幕截图(判断是不是有人在使用)

    • 生成一封邮件, 告诉我「电脑已启动」并附上拍照和截图;

    • 发送到我的邮箱.

    具体实现

    ️ 摄像头拍照

    概述:

    通过 opencv-python 包实现.

    具体的包名为: opencv-python

    依赖 numpy

    所以安装命令为:

    python -m pip install numpy
    python -m pip install opencv-python
    Copy after login

    然后导入语句为: import cv2

    源码如下:

    # 打开摄像头并拍照
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)  # 0 表示打开 PC 的内置摄像头(若参数是视频文件路径则打开视频)
    #  按帧读取图片或视频
    # ret,frame 是 cap.read() 方法的两个返回值。
    # 其中 ret 是布尔值,如果读取帧是正确的则返回 True,如果文件读取到结尾,它的返回值就为 False。
    # frame 就是每一帧的图像,是个三维矩阵。
    ret, frame = cap.read()  # 按帧读取图片
    cv2.imwrite('p1.jpg', frame)  # 保存图像
    cap.release()  # 释放(关闭)摄像头
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    屏幕截图

    概述:

    通过 pyautogui 包实现.

    pyautogui 是比较简单的,但是不能指定获取程序的窗口,因此窗口也不能遮挡,不过可以指定截屏的位置,0.04s 一张截图,比 PyQt 稍慢一点,但也很快了。

    import pyautogui
    import cv2
    
    
    # 截图
    screen_shot = pyautogui.screenshot()
    screen_shot.save('screenshot.png')
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    写邮件

    概述:

    通过 email 包实现.

    MIMEMultipart 类型

    MIME 邮件中各种不同类型的内容是分段存储的,各个段的排列方式、位置信息都通过 Content-Type 域的 multipart 类型来定义。 multipart 类型主要有三种子类型:

    • mixed : 附件

    • alternative : 纯文本和超文本内容

    • related :内嵌资源. 比如:在发送 html 格式的邮件内容时,可能使用图像作为 html 的背景,html 文本会被存储在 alternative 段中,而作为背景的图像则会存储在 related 类型定义的段中

    具体源码如下:

    from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
    from email.mime.text import MIMEText
    from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
    
    
    sender = 'admin@example.com'  # 发件人
    receivers = 'admin@example.com'  # 收件人
    pw = 'p@ssw0rd'  # 三方客户端登录邮箱授权码
    subject = '电脑已启动拍照并发送'  # 邮件主题
    text = '您好,您的电脑已开机,并拍摄了如下照片:'  # 邮件正文
    
    msg = MIMEMultipart('mixed')  # 定义含有附件类型的邮件
    msg['Subject'] = subject  # 邮件主题
    msg['From'] = sender  # 发件人
    msg['To'] = receivers  # 收件人
    # MIMEText三个参数:第一个为文本内容,第二个 plain 设置文本格式,第三个 utf-8 设置编码
    # 构造一个文本邮件对象, plain 原格式输出; html html格式输出
    text = MIMEText(text, 'plain', 'utf-8')
    msg.attach(text)  # 将文本内容添加到邮件中
    
    for i in ('p1.jpg', 'screenshot.png'):
        sendImg = open(i, 'rb').read()  # 读取刚才的图片
        img = MIMEImage(sendImg)  # 构造一个图片附件对象
        # 指定下载的文件类型为:附件, 并加上文件名
        img['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename={}'.format(i)
        msg.attach(img)  # 将附件添加到邮件中
    
    msg_tsr = msg.as_string()  # 将msg对象变为str
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    ️ 发邮件

    概述:

    通过 smtplib 包实现.

    源码如下:

    import smtplib
    
    
    # 发送邮件
    try:
        smtp = smtplib.SMTP()  # 定义一个SMTP(传输协议)对象
        smtp.connect('smtp.example.com', 25)  # 连接到邮件发送服务器,默认25端口
        smtp.login(sender, pw)  # 使用发件人邮件及授权码登陆
        smtp.sendmail(sender, receivers, msg_tsr)  # 发送邮件
        smtp.quit()  # 关闭邮箱,退出登陆
    except Exception as e:
        print('\033[31;1m出错了:%s\033[0m' % (e))
    else:
        print('邮件发送成功!')
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    台式机唤醒后触发 python 脚本

    Windows 脚本

    Windows bat 脚本如下:

    @echo off
    timeout /T 15 /NOBREAK # sleep 15s
    cd /d D:\scripts\auto_send_email
    python auto_email.py  # 执行py文件
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    任务计划程序

    进入 计算机管理 -> 系统工具 -> 任务计划程序. 添加如下任务计划:

    • 安全选项:

      • 勾选: 不管用户是否登录都要运行

      • 勾选: 使用最高权限运行

    • 触发器:

      • 发生事件时

      • 日志: 系统

      • 源: Power-Troubleshooter

      • 事件 ID: 1

    • 操作: 启动程序: D:\scripts\auto_email.bat

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