Home Backend Development Python Tutorial Detailed tutorial for using PyQt5 in python (code example)

Detailed tutorial for using PyQt5 in python (code example)

Mar 01, 2019 am 11:34 AM
python

This article brings you a detailed tutorial (code example) on using PyQt5 in python. It has certain reference value. Friends in need can refer to it. I hope it will be helpful to you.

One: Install PyQt5

pip install pyqt5
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Two: Simple use of PyQt5

1: Use PyQt5 to create a simple window

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
#创建一个应用(Application)对象,sys.argv参数是一个来自命令行的参数列表,
# Python脚本可以在shell中运行。这是我们用来控制我们应用启动的一种方法。
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
#创建一个widget组件基础类
windows = QtWidgets.QWidget()
#设置widget组件的大小(w,h)
windows.resize(500,500)
#设置widget组件的位置(x,y)
windows.move(100,100)
"""
#设置widget组件的位置居中
qr = windows.frameGeometry()
cp = QtWidgets.QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center()
qr.moveCenter(cp)
windows.move(qr.topLeft())
"""
#等同于 w.resize(500,500)和w.move(100,100)两句结合,(x,y,w,h)
#windows.setGeometry(100,100,500,500)
#show()方法在屏幕上显示出widget组件
windows.show()
#循环执行窗口触发事件,结束后不留垃圾的退出,不添加的话新建的widget组件就会一闪而过
sys.exit(app.exec_())
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The phenomenon is as follows:

Detailed tutorial for using PyQt5 in python (code example)

2: Add a title and icon to the created window

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets,QtGui
#创建一个应用(Application)对象,sys.argv参数是一个来自命令行的参数列表,
# Python脚本可以在shell中运行。这是我们用来控制我们应用启动的一种方法。
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
#创建一个widget组件基础类
windows = QtWidgets.QWidget()
#设置widget组件的大小(w,h)
windows.resize(500,500)
#设置widget组件的位置(x,y)
windows.move(100,100)
"""
#设置widget组件的位置居中
qr = windows.frameGeometry()
cp = QtWidgets.QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center()
qr.moveCenter(cp)
windows.move(qr.topLeft())
"""
#等同于 w.resize(500,500)和w.move(100,100)两句结合,(x,y,w,h)
#windows.setGeometry(100,100,500,500)
#给widget组件设置标题
windows.setWindowTitle('标题')
#给widget组件设置图标
windows.setWindowIcon(QtGui.QIcon('2.png'))
#show()方法在屏幕上显示出widget组件
windows.show()
#循环执行窗口触发事件,结束后不留垃圾的退出,不添加的话新建的widget组件就会一闪而过
sys.exit(app.exec_())
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The phenomenon is as follows:

Detailed tutorial for using PyQt5 in python (code example)

3: Add a title and icon to the created window The window setting button and setting prompt

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets,QtGui
#创建一个应用(Application)对象,sys.argv参数是一个来自命令行的参数列表,
# Python脚本可以在shell中运行。这是我们用来控制我们应用启动的一种方法。
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
#创建一个widget组件基础类
windows = QtWidgets.QWidget()
#设置widget组件的大小(w,h)
windows.resize(500,500)
#设置widget组件的位置(x,y)
windows.move(100,100)
"""
#设置widget组件的位置居中
qr = windows.frameGeometry()
cp = QtWidgets.QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center()
qr.moveCenter(cp)
windows.move(qr.topLeft())
"""
#等同于 w.resize(500,500)和w.move(100,100)两句结合,(x,y,w,h)
#windows.setGeometry(100,100,500,500)
#给widget组件设置标题
windows.setWindowTitle('标题')
#给widget组件设置图标
windows.setWindowIcon(QtGui.QIcon('2.png'))
#设置提示语的字体和大小
QtWidgets.QToolTip.setFont(QtGui.QFont('SansSerif', 10))
#给widget组件设置提示语
windows.setToolTip('这是窗口提示')
#设置按钮并给按钮命名
btn = QtWidgets.QPushButton('button',windows)
#给按钮设置位置(x,y,w,h)
btn.setGeometry(200,200,100,50)
#给按钮设置提示语
btn.setToolTip('这是按钮提示')
#设置按钮样式
btn.setStyleSheet("background-color: rgb(164, 185, 255);"
        "border-color: rgb(170, 150, 163);"
        "font: 75 12pt \"Arial Narrow\";"
        "color: rgb(126, 255, 46);")
#点击按钮关闭创建的窗口
btn.clicked.connect(QtCore.QCoreApplication.instance().quit)
#show()方法在屏幕上显示出widget组件
windows.show()
#循环执行窗口触发事件,结束后不留垃圾的退出,不添加的话新建的widget组件就会一闪而过
sys.exit(app.exec_())
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The phenomenon is as follows (click the button button, the window closes):

Detailed tutorial for using PyQt5 in python (code example)

4: Set label information

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets,QtGui,QtCore
#创建一个应用(Application)对象,sys.argv参数是一个来自命令行的参数列表,
# Python脚本可以在shell中运行。这是我们用来控制我们应用启动的一种方法。
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
#创建一个widget组件基础类
windows = QtWidgets.QWidget()
#设置widget组件的大小(w,h)
windows.resize(500,500)
#设置widget组件的位置(x,y)
windows.move(100,100)
"""
#设置widget组件的位置居中
qr = windows.frameGeometry()
cp = QtWidgets.QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center()
qr.moveCenter(cp)
windows.move(qr.topLeft())
"""
#等同于 w.resize(500,500)和w.move(100,100)两句结合,(x,y,w,h)
#windows.setGeometry(100,100,500,500)
#给widget组件设置标题
windows.setWindowTitle('标题')
#给widget组件设置图标
windows.setWindowIcon(QtGui.QIcon('2.png'))
#设置lable信息
label = QtWidgets.QLabel(windows)
label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(100, 10, 100, 60))
label.setText('这是lable信息')
label.setObjectName('label')
#show()方法在屏幕上显示出widget组件
windows.show()
#循环执行窗口触发事件,结束后不留垃圾的退出,不添加的话新建的widget组件就会一闪而过
sys.exit(app.exec_())
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The phenomenon is as follows:

Detailed tutorial for using PyQt5 in python (code example)

##5: Configuration input box

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets,QtGui,QtCore,Qt
#创建一个应用(Application)对象,sys.argv参数是一个来自命令行的参数列表,
# Python脚本可以在shell中运行。这是我们用来控制我们应用启动的一种方法。
app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
#创建一个widget组件基础类
windows = QtWidgets.QWidget()
#设置widget组件的大小(w,h)
windows.resize(500,500)
#设置widget组件的位置(x,y)
windows.move(100,100)
"""
#设置widget组件的位置居中
qr = windows.frameGeometry()
cp = QtWidgets.QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center()
qr.moveCenter(cp)
windows.move(qr.topLeft())
"""
#等同于 w.resize(500,500)和w.move(100,100)两句结合,(x,y,w,h)
#windows.setGeometry(100,100,500,500)
#给widget组件设置标题
windows.setWindowTitle('标题')
#给widget组件设置图标
windows.setWindowIcon(QtGui.QIcon('2.png'))
#设置输入框
textbox = Qt.QLineEdit(windows)
textbox.resize(100,20)
textbox.move(50,50)
#show()方法在屏幕上显示出widget组件
windows.show()
#循环执行窗口触发事件,结束后不留垃圾的退出,不添加的话新建的widget组件就会一闪而过
sys.exit(app.exec_())
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The phenomenon is as follows:

Detailed tutorial for using PyQt5 in python (code example)

3: Summarize the above method to implement a simple function, as follows:

The function is: after entering the value in the input box, click the button to print out the value you entered, and there will be a prompt when closing the window

import sys
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets,QtGui,QtCore,Qt
class GUI(QtWidgets.QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        #初始化————init__
        super().__init__()
        self.initGUI()
    def initGUI(self):
        #设置窗口大小
        self.resize(500,500)
        #设置窗口位置(下面配置的是居于屏幕中间)
        qr = self.frameGeometry()
        cp = QtWidgets.QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center()
        qr.moveCenter(cp)
        self.move(qr.topLeft())
        #设置窗口标题和图标
        self.setWindowTitle('窗口标题')
        self.setWindowIcon(QtGui.QIcon('2.png'))
        #设置窗口提示
        self.setToolTip('窗口提示')
        #设置label信息
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(100, 10, 100, 60))
        self.label.setText('这是lable信息')
        self.label.setObjectName('label')
        # 设置label提示
        self.label.setToolTip('label提示')
        #设置输入框
        self.textbox = Qt.QLineEdit(self)
        self.textbox.resize(100, 20)
        self.textbox.move(100, 50)
        # 设置输入框提示
        self.textbox.setToolTip('输入框提示')
        #设置按钮
        self.btn =QtWidgets.QPushButton('按钮',self)
        self.btn.resize(100,20)
        self.btn.move(200,50)
        # 设置按钮样式
        self.btn.setStyleSheet("background-color: rgb(164, 185, 255);"
                          "border-color: rgb(170, 150, 163);"
                          "font: 75 12pt \"Arial Narrow\";"
                          "color: rgb(126, 255, 46);")
        # 设置按钮提示
        self.btn.setToolTip('按钮提示')
        #点击鼠标触发事件
        self.btn.clicked.connect(self.clickbtn)
        #展示窗口
        self.show();
    #点击鼠标触发函数
    def clickbtn(self):
        #打印出输入框的信息
        textboxValue = self.textbox.text()
        QtWidgets.QMessageBox.question(self, "信息", '你输入的输入框内容为:' + textboxValue,QtWidgets.QMessageBox.Ok, QtWidgets.QMessageBox.Ok)
        #清空输入框信息
        self.textbox.setText('')
    #关闭窗口事件重写
    def closeEvent(self, QCloseEvent):
        reply = QtWidgets.QMessageBox.question(self, '警告',"确定关闭当前窗口?", QtWidgets.QMessageBox.Yes | QtWidgets.QMessageBox.No, QtWidgets.QMessageBox.No)
        if reply == QtWidgets.QMessageBox.Yes:
            QCloseEvent.accept()
        else:
            QCloseEvent.ignore()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    gui = GUI()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())
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The phenomenon is:


Detailed tutorial for using PyQt5 in python (code example)

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