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PHP程序加速探索之服务器负载测试

Jun 21, 2016 am 09:06 AM
apache nbsp requests server

程序|服务器

服务器负载太大而影响程序效率也是很常见的,我们需要对此进行测试。这里我以目前最常用的Apache服务器为例。 

  Apache服务器自带有一个叫AB(ApacheBench)的工具,在bin目录下。使用这个轻巧的工具我们可以对服务器进行负载测试,看看在重负荷之下服务器的表现如何。ApacheBench 可以针对某个特定的 URL 仿真出连续的联机请求,同时还可以仿真出同时间点数个相同的联机请求,因此利用 ApacheBench 可帮助我们在网站开发期间仿真实际上线可能的情况,利用仿真出来的数据作为调整服务器设定或程序的依据。 

  在命令行下输出: 

./ab -n number_of_total_requests \ 
-c number_of_simultaneous_requests \ 
http://your_web_server/your_php_app.php 
  例如: 

./ab -n 1000 -c 50 http://www.domain.com/myapp.php 
  AB将同时向http://www.domain.com/myapp.php发出50个并发请求,共发出1000次。 

  测试结果将可能是这样的: 

Server Software: Apache/2.0.16 
Server Hostname: localhost 
Server Port: 80 
Document Path: /myapp.php 
Document Length: 1311 bytes 
Concurrency Level: 50 
Time taken for tests: 8.794 seconds 
Complete requests: 1000 
Failed requests: 0 
Total transferred: 1754000 bytes 
HTML transferred: 1311000 bytes 
Requests per second: 113.71 
Transfer rate: 199.45 kb/s received 
Connection Times (ms) 
min avg max 
Connect: 0 0 5 
Processing: 111 427 550 
Total: 111 427 555 
  myapp.php每秒钟可以处理的请求数为113.71个。将请求数增加,看看服务器能否处理更大的压力。你也需要调节Apache的MaxClients,ThreadsPerChild,MaxThreadsPerChild等参数,基于你的httpd.conf中的MPM模块选择。 

  如果你想得到更详细的信息,请到www.apache.org上查阅一些更深入的文档,包括模块和第三方的提高效率的工具。修改httpd.conf后,要重启Apache服务器,然后再用AB测试。你会看到每秒请求数增加或减少。 

  记下每次的参数,最后选择最佳效率的那种配置。 

  要指出的是,除了AB,还有许多优秀的服务器性能测试软件。另外,如果你的服务器不是Apache,请自行寻找测试方法。



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