HTML+CSS学习笔记 (13)
盒模型代码简写
还记得在讲盒模型时外边距(margin)、内边距(padding)和边框(border)设置上下左右四个方向的边距是按照顺时针方向设置的:上右下左。具体应用在margin和padding的例子如下:
margin:10px 15px 12px 14px;/*上设置为10px、右设置为15px、下设置为12px、左设置为14px*/
通常有下面三种缩写方法:
1、如果top、right、bottom、left的值相同,如下面代码:
margin:10px 10px 10px 10px;
可缩写为:
margin:10px;
2、如果top和bottom值相同、left和 right的值相同,如下面代码:
margin:10px 20px 10px 20px;
可缩写为:
margin:10px 20px;
3、如果left和right的值相同,如下面代码:
margin:10px 20px 30px 20px;
可缩写为:
margin:10px 20px 30px;
注意:padding、border的缩写方法和margin是一致的。
颜色值缩写
关于颜色的css样式也是可以缩写的,当你设置的颜色是16进制的色彩值时,如果每两位的值相同,可以缩写一半。
例子1:
p{color:#000000;}
可以缩写为:
p{color: #000;}
例子2:
p{color: #336699;}
可以缩写为:
p{color: #369;}
字体缩写
网页中的字体css样式代码也有他自己的缩写方式,下面是给网页设置字体的代码:
body{ font-style:italic; font-variant:small-caps; font-weight:bold; font-size:12px; line-height:1.5em; font-family:"宋体",sans-serif;}
这么多行的代码其实可以缩写为一句:
body{ font:italic small-caps bold 12px/1.5em "宋体",sans-serif;}
注意:
1、使用这一简写方式你至少要指定 font-size 和 font-family 属性,其他的属性(如 font-weight、font-style、font-varient、line-height)如未指定将自动使用默认值。
2、在缩写时 font-size 与 line-height 中间要加入“/”斜扛。
一般情况下因为对于中文网站,英文还是比较少的,所以下面缩写代码比较常用:
body{ font:12px/1.5em "宋体",sans-serif;}
只是有字号、行间距、中文字体、英文字体设置。
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