postMessage解决跨域、跨窗口消息传递_html/css_WEB-ITnose
平时做web开发的时候关于消息传递，除了客户端与服务器传值还有几个经常会遇到的问题1.页面和其打开的新窗口的数据传递2.多窗口之间消息传递3.页面与嵌套的iframe消息传递4.上面三个问题的跨域数据传递这些问题都有一些解决办法，但html5引入的message的API可以更方便、有效、安全的解决这些难题。postMessage()方法允许来自不同源的脚本采用异步方式进行有限的通信，可以实现跨文本档、多窗口、跨域消息传递。
postMessage(data,origin)方法接受两个参数
1.data:要传递的数据，html5规范中提到该参数可以是JavaScript的任意基本类型或可复制的对象，然而并不是所有浏览器都做到了这点儿，部分浏览器只能处理字符串参数，所以我们在传递参数的时候需要使用JSON.stringify()方法对对象参数序列化，在低版本IE中引用json2.js可以实现类似效果。
2.origin：字符串参数，指明目标窗口的源，协议+主机+端口号[+URL]，URL会被忽略，所以可以不写，这个参数是为了安全考虑，postMessage()方法只会将message传递给指定窗口，当然如果愿意也可以建参数设置为"*"，这样可以传递给任意窗口，如果要指定和当前窗口同源的话设置为"/"。
父页面
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head> <title>Post Message</title></head><body> <div style="width:200px; float:left; margin-right:200px;border:solid 1px #333;"> <div id="color">Frame Color</div> </div> <div> <iframe id="child" src="http://lsLib.com/lsLib.html"></iframe> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> window.onload=function(){ window.frames[0].postMessage('getcolor','http://lslib.com'); } window.addEventListener('message',function(e){ var color=e.data; document.getElementById('color').style.backgroundColor=color; },false); </script></body></html>iframe页面
<!doctype html><html> <head> <style type="text/css"> html,body{ height:100%; margin:0px; } </style> </head> <body style="height:100%;"> <div id="container" onclick="changeColor();" style="widht:100%; height:100%; background-color:rgb(204, 102, 0);"> click to change color </div> <script type="text/javascript"> var container=document.getElementById('container'); window.addEventListener('message',function(e){ if(e.source!=window.parent) return; var color=container.style.backgroundColor; window.parent.postMessage(color,'*'); },false); function changeColor () { var color=container.style.backgroundColor; if(color=='rgb(204, 102, 0)'){ color='rgb(204, 204, 0)'; }else{ color='rgb(204,102,0)'; } container.style.backgroundColor=color; window.parent.postMessage(color,'*'); } </script> </body></html>
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