How to Efficiently Perform Multi-Row Inserts in Oracle?

Efficient multi-row insertion method in Oracle database

Unlike MySQL single statement multi-row insertion, Oracle database does not support this direct method. But we can achieve similar functionality in several ways:

Use INSERT ALL syntax (before Oracle 23c)

In versions prior to Oracle 23c, you can use the INSERT ALL syntax for multi-row insertion. The following example demonstrates how to use INSERT ALL to insert data into the TMP_DIM_EXCH_RT table:

INSERT ALL
INTO TMP_DIM_EXCH_RT 
(EXCH_WH_KEY, 
 EXCH_NAT_KEY, 
 EXCH_DATE, EXCH_RATE, 
 FROM_CURCY_CD, 
 TO_CURCY_CD, 
 EXCH_EFF_DATE, 
 EXCH_EFF_END_DATE, 
 EXCH_LAST_UPDATED_DATE) 
VALUES
    (1, 1, '28-AUG-2008', 109.49, 'USD', 'JPY', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
    (2, 1, '28-AUG-2008', .54, 'USD', 'GBP', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
    (3, 1, '28-AUG-2008', 1.05, 'USD', 'CAD', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
    (4, 1, '28-AUG-2008', .68, 'USD', 'EUR', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
    (5, 1, '28-AUG-2008', 1.16, 'USD', 'AUD', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
    (6, 1, '28-AUG-2008', 7.81, 'USD', 'HKD', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008')
SELECT 1 FROM DUAL;

Oracle 23c simplified syntax

Oracle 23c introduces a simplified multi-row insert syntax:

INSERT INTO t(col1, col2, col3) VALUES
('val1_1', 'val1_2', 'val1_3'),
('val2_1', 'val2_2', 'val2_3'),
('val3_1', 'val3_2', 'val3_3');

This syntax allows multiple rows to be inserted using a single statement.

Performance Considerations

For large data sets, Oracle 23c's simplified syntax is more efficient than the INSERT ALL approach. In order to optimize performance, it is recommended that the number of rows inserted at a time should not exceed about 1,000 rows.

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