Python解决鸡兔同笼问题的方法
本文实例讲述了Python解决鸡兔同笼问题的方法,分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:
问题描述
一个笼子里面关了鸡和兔子(鸡有 2 只脚,兔子有 4 只脚,没有例外)。已经知道了笼 子里面脚的总数 a,问笼子里面至少有多少只动物,至多有多少只动物
输入数据
第 1 行是测试数据的组数 n,后面跟着 n 行输入。每组测试数据占 1 行,包括一个正整 数 a (a
输出要求
n 行,每行输出对应一个输入。输出是两个正整数,第一个是最少的动物数,第二个是 最多的动物数,两个正整数用空格分开。如果没有满足要求的情况出现,则输出 2 个 0。
输入样例
2
3
20
输出样例
0 0
5 10
解题思路:
首先考虑特殊情况,当a为奇数时,结果都为0
其次考虑偶数:
假设鸡 i只, 兔j只, 那么a=2*i+4*j
我们要求 i+j的最小和最大值
易知 i+j=(a-2j)/2 当j越大 i+j越小 当j越小 i+j越大
当然我们也可以简单的用权重值来思考,而不需要去想具体的计算过程
python实现如下:
l=list()
for k in range(n):
inputNum=input()
#odd
if inputNum%2!=0:
min=max=0
else:
#even
#min
j=inputNum/4
i=inputNum%4/2
min=i+j
#max
max=inputNum/2
l+=[(min,max)]
for a,b in l:
print a,b
希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。

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