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python中sys.argv参数用法实例分析

Jun 10, 2016 pm 03:12 PM
python

本文实例讲述了python中sys.argv参数用法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:

在学python的过程中,一直弄不明白sys.argv[]的意思,虽知道是表示命令行参数,但还是有些稀里糊涂的感觉。

今天又好好学习了一把,总算是大彻大悟了。

Sys.argv[]是用来获取命令行参数的,sys.argv[0]表示代码本身文件路径,所以参数从1开始,以下两个例子说明:

1、使用sys.argv[]的一简单实例

import sys,os
os.system(sys.argv[1])

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这个例子os.system接收命令行参数,运行参数指令,保存为sample1.py,命令行带参数运行sample1.py notepad,将打开记事本程序。

2、这个例子是简明python教程上的,明白它之后你就明白sys.argv[]了。

import sys
def readfile(filename): #从文件中读出文件内容
'''Print a file to the standard output.'''
f = file(filename)
while True:
line = f.readline()
if len(line) == 0:
break
print line, # notice comma 分别输出每行内容
f.close()
# Script starts from here
if len(sys.argv) < 2:
print 'No action specified.'
sys.exit()
if sys.argv[1].startswith('--'):
option = sys.argv[1][2:]
# fetch sys.argv[1] but without the first two characters
if option == 'version': #当命令行参数为-- version,显示版本号
print 'Version 1.2'
elif option == 'help': #当命令行参数为--help时,显示相关帮助内容
print '''"
This program prints files to the standard output.
Any number of files can be specified.
Options include:
--version : Prints the version number
--help  : Display this help'''
else:
print 'Unknown option.'
sys.exit()
else:
for filename in sys.argv[1:]: #当参数为文件名时,传入readfile,读出其内容
readfile(filename)
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保存程序为sample.py.我们验证一下:

命令行带参数运行:sample.py –version 输出结果为:version 1.2

命令行带参数运行:sample.py –help 输出结果为:This program prints files……

在与sample.py同一目录下,新建a.txt的记事本文件,内容为:test argv;命令行带参数运行:sample.py a.txt,输出结果为a.txt文件内容:test argv,这里也可多带几个参数,程序会先后输出参数文件内容。

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。

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