浅谈Python中的闭包
Python中的闭包的概念, 在我看来, 就相当于在某个函数中又定义了一个或多个函数, 内层函数定义了具体的实现方式, 而外层返回的就是这个实现方式, 但并没有执行, 除非外层函数调用的内层的实现方法被执行了。至于这个怎么执行, 看下面的例子就知道了
比如:
def sum_outer(x, y): def sum_in(z): return x + y - z; return sum_in #注意, 这里返回的不是sum_in() 只是sum_in的函数名 m = sum_outer(3, 4) #3, 4 分别对应x, y,这里的m返回的也只是函数sum_in的定义,<function __main__.sum_in> print m(5) # m对应z, 这个时候才是真正sum_in执行的时候
看起来就像通过sum_outer 调用了内层的sum_in函数, 多了层代理
其中一种应用场景就是可以根据不同的参数,使用相同的实现去返回对应不同的结果,比如, 根据不同的配置获取不同的数据库连接, 或者要求在验证字符串长度时, 可以根据不同的最大长度验证(外层传递最大长度, 内层传递验证的字符串)。
在抽象化一点, 外层定义了一个环境, 内层则是在该环境中的要做的事情, 但这个事情还没做,
只是要做。当真正需要做的时候到这个环境中去做了就好了(外层的返回结果(m)执行内层的函数sum_in)
实际上, 直接给函数传递需要的所有参数, 直接返回结果, 如上面的sum_outer和sum_in, 直接通过
def sum(x,y,z): return x + y - z
不就结了吗,为社么还要闭包这个实现呢? 到目前来说, 只能看出他们是两种不同的实现方式, 更多的区别, 还有待日后的学习体验
以上所述就是本文的全部内容了,希望大家能够喜欢。

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

Python is more suitable for beginners, with a smooth learning curve and concise syntax; JavaScript is suitable for front-end development, with a steep learning curve and flexible syntax. 1. Python syntax is intuitive and suitable for data science and back-end development. 2. JavaScript is flexible and widely used in front-end and server-side programming.

PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

VS Code can run on Windows 8, but the experience may not be great. First make sure the system has been updated to the latest patch, then download the VS Code installation package that matches the system architecture and install it as prompted. After installation, be aware that some extensions may be incompatible with Windows 8 and need to look for alternative extensions or use newer Windows systems in a virtual machine. Install the necessary extensions to check whether they work properly. Although VS Code is feasible on Windows 8, it is recommended to upgrade to a newer Windows system for a better development experience and security.

PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.

VS Code can be used to write Python and provides many features that make it an ideal tool for developing Python applications. It allows users to: install Python extensions to get functions such as code completion, syntax highlighting, and debugging. Use the debugger to track code step by step, find and fix errors. Integrate Git for version control. Use code formatting tools to maintain code consistency. Use the Linting tool to spot potential problems ahead of time.

In VS Code, you can run the program in the terminal through the following steps: Prepare the code and open the integrated terminal to ensure that the code directory is consistent with the terminal working directory. Select the run command according to the programming language (such as Python's python your_file_name.py) to check whether it runs successfully and resolve errors. Use the debugger to improve debugging efficiency.

VS Code extensions pose malicious risks, such as hiding malicious code, exploiting vulnerabilities, and masturbating as legitimate extensions. Methods to identify malicious extensions include: checking publishers, reading comments, checking code, and installing with caution. Security measures also include: security awareness, good habits, regular updates and antivirus software.
