在Windows主机上定时备份远程VPS(CentOS)数据的批处理
我想在自己的 Windows7 下每天/周运行一次备份,就有了这个小工具
不过折腾 VPS 之后,就不只是要备份 MySQL 了,一些独立的站点数据也是需要备份的。如果有靠谱的第三方 Linux 主机或类似 Amazon 的云存储,那就简单多了,Linux - Linux 的备份很方便。
不过我想在自己的 Windows7 下每天/周运行一次备份,就有了这个小工具。
大概的想法如下:
使用 Putty 自带的 plink.exe 连接到 VPS 上,运行备份并退出登录;
接着使用 Putty 自带的 pscp.exe 将备份复制到本机;
添加一个计划任务,每天/周自动运行一次,实现定时备份。
代码如下:
Windows 下负责触发备份的 index.bat
@echo off & setlocal ENABLEEXTENSIONS
:: 这里只是 SSH 连接和备份路径配置信息
:: 请同时修改同目录下 linux 文件中要备份的路径和 MySQL 数据库
:: SSH 相关信息
set SERVER=192.168.1.100
set PORT=22
set USER=root
set PASSWORD=password
:: 和同目录下 linux 文件中配置的路径对应
set BACKUP_PATH=/root/backup
:: 备份要下载到的本机位置(会自动创建)
set SAVE_PATH=D:\Backup\
:: ---------- 配置结束,以下请勿修改 ----------
:: 运行时变量
set EXE_SSH=%~dp0\exe\plink.exe
set EXE_SCP=%~dp0\exe\pscp.exe
set LINUX=%~dp0\linux
set YEAR=%date:~0,4%
set MONTH=%date:~5,2%
set DAY=%date:~8,2%
set TRUE_PATH=%SAVE_PATH%%YEAR%-%MONTH%-%DAY%\
:: 创建备份路径
echo Creating Backup Dir...
if not exist %TRUE_PATH% (
mkdir %TRUE_PATH% 2>nul
)
if not exist %TRUE_PATH% (
echo Backup path: %TRUE_PATH% not exists, create dir failed.
goto exit
)
echo Creating Backup Dir... Done.
:: 生成备份目录和文件
echo Connecting to remote server and creating backups...
%EXE_SSH% -C %USER%@%SERVER% -P %PORT% -pw %PASSWORD% -m %LINUX% 2>nul
echo Connecting to remote server and creating backups... Done.
:: 下载备份
echo Downloading backups...
%EXE_SCP% -pw %PASSWORD% -P %PORT% %USER%@%SERVER%:%BACKUP_PATH%/*.* %TRUE_PATH%
echo Downloading backups... Done.
:exit
echo Exit
由 index.bat 调用的 Linux 端命令
代码如下:
#!/bin/bash
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin
# ---------- 配置项,不要最后的 / ----------
# 备份文件存储的路径,请与 index.bat 中的 BACKUP_PATH 保持一致
BACKUP_PATH=/root/backup
# 要备份的文件或目录,多个以空格分隔
FILES="/www/cmstop /www/dbpma"
# mysqldump 可执行文件的全路径(如果可以直接执行 mysqldump 可不用全路径)
MYSQLDUMP=mysqldump
# 要备份的 MySQL 数据库,多个以空格分隔
DATABASES="mysql test"
# MySQL 用户名
USER=root
# MySQL 密码
PASSWD=
# ---------- 配置项结束,下面的不用修改 ----------
# 运行时变量
DATETIME=$(date -d now +%Y-%m-%d)
CURPATH=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")"; pwd)
# 创建备份目录
if [ ! -d $BACKUP_PATH ]; then
mkdir -p $BACKUP_PATH
fi
rm -fR $BACKUP_PATH/*
# 备份 MySQL 数据库
cd $BACKUP_PATH
for database in $DATABASES
do
if [ "$PASSWD" == "" ]; then
$MYSQLDUMP -u$USER $database > $database.$DATETIME.dump.sql
else
$MYSQLDUMP -u$USER -p$PASSWD $database > $database.$DATETIME.dump.sql
fi
tar czf $database.$DATETIME.dump.sql.tar.gz $database.$DATETIME.dump.sql
rm -f $database.$DATETIME.dump.sql
done
# 备份文件或目录
for file in $FILES
do
tar czf $file.$DATETIME.tar.gz $file
mv $file.$DATETIME.tar.gz $BACKUP_PATH
done
# 完成
cd $CURPATH
exit
下载完成之后不删除服务器上产生的备份文件,因为下一次备份前会自动清除。
下载和使用
下载文件到你本机,解压到某个地方,然后根据上文的说明修改配置项;
由于 SSH 第一次登录需要添加 Key 到本机,这一步没法简单忽略,可行的办法是载入 Putty 的 Session,不过挺麻烦的,还是运行一次简单些,我们要执行一次 SSH 登录:
代码如下:
:: 切换到你解压到的目录,如 D:\VPS\:
cd /d D:\VPS\
:: 根据情况修改下面的参数
exe\plink.exe -C root@192.168.1.100 -P 22 -pw password
:: 等待一下,会提示是否将 Key 加入本机信任主机列表里面,输入 yes 就可以了。
yes
:: 这就进去了,输入点常用命令玩玩,输入 exit 退出。
exit
根据的介绍,添加一个定时执行的计划任务;
手动执行一下上面添加的计划任务或观察一个执行周期,看备份是否有效。
待改进
同之前的脚本一样,似乎还缺少一个自动删除多少天前备份的功能。

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Full table scanning may be faster in MySQL than using indexes. Specific cases include: 1) the data volume is small; 2) when the query returns a large amount of data; 3) when the index column is not highly selective; 4) when the complex query. By analyzing query plans, optimizing indexes, avoiding over-index and regularly maintaining tables, you can make the best choices in practical applications.

InnoDB's full-text search capabilities are very powerful, which can significantly improve database query efficiency and ability to process large amounts of text data. 1) InnoDB implements full-text search through inverted indexing, supporting basic and advanced search queries. 2) Use MATCH and AGAINST keywords to search, support Boolean mode and phrase search. 3) Optimization methods include using word segmentation technology, periodic rebuilding of indexes and adjusting cache size to improve performance and accuracy.

Yes, MySQL can be installed on Windows 7, and although Microsoft has stopped supporting Windows 7, MySQL is still compatible with it. However, the following points should be noted during the installation process: Download the MySQL installer for Windows. Select the appropriate version of MySQL (community or enterprise). Select the appropriate installation directory and character set during the installation process. Set the root user password and keep it properly. Connect to the database for testing. Note the compatibility and security issues on Windows 7, and it is recommended to upgrade to a supported operating system.

The difference between clustered index and non-clustered index is: 1. Clustered index stores data rows in the index structure, which is suitable for querying by primary key and range. 2. The non-clustered index stores index key values and pointers to data rows, and is suitable for non-primary key column queries.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system. 1) Create database and tables: Use the CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE commands. 2) Basic operations: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and SELECT. 3) Advanced operations: JOIN, subquery and transaction processing. 4) Debugging skills: Check syntax, data type and permissions. 5) Optimization suggestions: Use indexes, avoid SELECT* and use transactions.

MySQL supports four index types: B-Tree, Hash, Full-text, and Spatial. 1.B-Tree index is suitable for equal value search, range query and sorting. 2. Hash index is suitable for equal value searches, but does not support range query and sorting. 3. Full-text index is used for full-text search and is suitable for processing large amounts of text data. 4. Spatial index is used for geospatial data query and is suitable for GIS applications.

In MySQL database, the relationship between the user and the database is defined by permissions and tables. The user has a username and password to access the database. Permissions are granted through the GRANT command, while the table is created by the CREATE TABLE command. To establish a relationship between a user and a database, you need to create a database, create a user, and then grant permissions.

MySQL and MariaDB can coexist, but need to be configured with caution. The key is to allocate different port numbers and data directories to each database, and adjust parameters such as memory allocation and cache size. Connection pooling, application configuration, and version differences also need to be considered and need to be carefully tested and planned to avoid pitfalls. Running two databases simultaneously can cause performance problems in situations where resources are limited.
