Home Database Mysql Tutorial mysql中is not null和!=null及null介绍

mysql中is not null和!=null及null介绍

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:52 PM
null

本文章来给大家介绍mysql中is not null和!=null及null用法与区别,有需要学习的朋友可参考。

在mysql中,筛选非空的时候经常会用到is not null和!=null,这两种方法单从字面上来看感觉是差不多的,其实如

果去运行一下试试的话差别会很大!

为什么会出现这种情况呢?

null 表示什么也不是, 不能=、>、 默认情况下,推荐使用 IS NOT NULL去判断,因为SQL默认情况下对!= Null的判断会永远返回0行,但没有语法错误


如果你一定想要使用!= Null来判断,需要加上这个语句:

set ANSI_NULLS off

这时你会发现IS NOT NULL 和 != null 是等效的


个字段如果设为“NULL”,表示如果这个字段的值为空时,自动插入一个“NULL”值。

一个字段如果设为“NOT NULL”,表示如果这个字段的值为空时,不自动插入“NULL”值(任其无值)。

所以,设为“NULL”的意思反而是“不能无值”(由MYSQL自动赋“NULL”值),而设为“NOT NULL”是“可以无值”

其实要证明这一点很简单,建一个测试表,两个字段(VC型),一个设为“NULL”,一个设为“NOT NULL”,两个都

插入空值,看看结果就明白了。

NULL 不是 '' 也不是 0。

你的字段定义为 not null,但是却赋值了一个 null,那么数据库系统会按照该字段类型选择一个默认的值放进去,

比如 char 就是用空字符串。
但注意,空字符串其实已经是一个确定的值了,就是一个长度为 0 的字符串!

至于 NULL 值,给你一个正确的理解:把 NULL 理解为 UNKNOWN。
主要意思是'不知道',就是它可能是任何值;
另外一层意思是'信息缺失',比如某个存储姓名信息的字段值是 NULL,代表姓名信息缺失。
所以 NULL 值不是任意一个确定的值!

举例来说,逻辑 与/或 运算会的吧?
与运算:true and true = true, true and false = false, false and true = false, false and false =

false
第一个 true and null,它的结果完全靠 null 确定。如果它是 true 结果就是 true,如果它是 false,结果就是

false。因为 null 代表不知道,所以结果也是不知道,所以是 null。

第二个 false and null,它的结果不需要靠 null 确定,因为 and 运算的特性,有 false 出 false,所以结果是

false。

第三个 null and null,就好理解了吧,它完全就是空对空了,两个操作数都是不知道,结果自然也是不知道,所以

是 null。

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