Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySQL数据库定时备份Shell脚本并备份至其它机器方法

MySQL数据库定时备份Shell脚本并备份至其它机器方法

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:30 PM

这是一个简单的MySQL数据库备份shell脚本,适用于单台Linux服务器或者VPS的mysql数据库备份工作,工作原理是使用mysql的mysqldum

这是一个简单的MySQL数据库备份shell脚本,适用于单台Linux服务器或者VPS的mysql数据库备份工作,工作原理是使用mysql的mysqldump工具来导出数据库为.sql文件,然后将所有导出的文件打包归档。

然后我们在shell脚本中使用 scp命令把备份文件复制到另外一台备份机器,由于scp每次传送文件要密码因此我们需要使用 expect插件或者利用密钥。在这里介绍采用生成密钥对的方法。

1,生成密匙对,我用的是rsa的密钥。使用命令 "ssh-keygen -t rsa"生成的过程中提示输入密钥对保存位置及密码,直接回车,接受默认值就行了。

其中公共密钥保存在 ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub,,私有密钥保存在 ~/.ssh/id_rsa 。

2,然后修改 .ssh 目录权限,chmod 755 ~/.ssh 。最后把 公共密钥复制到你要访问的机器上去,并保存为:~/.ssh/authorized_keys 。

scp -P 1110 ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub daniel@*.*.*.*:/home/daniel/.ssh/authorized_keys(注意这里- P 为大写, 表示目标机器daniel 的ssh端口为1110,小写的p为源ssh端口修改ssh端口在文件/etc/ssh/sshd_config下 。)这里完成scp 脚本免密钥的方法介绍。

最后使用crontab定时执行脚本即可!

脚本如下:

#!/bin/bash
# description:  MySQL buckup shell script
# author:      Daniel
# web site:    ~danewang/blog/

st=$(date +%s)
USER="root"
PASSWORD="*****"#用户名
DATABASE="myblogdb" #数据库用户密码
MAIL="abcd@gmail.com"#mail 
BACKUP_DIR=/home/daniel/data_backup/ #备份文件存储路径
LOGFILE=/home/daniel/data_backup/data_backup.log #日志文件路径
 
DATE=`date +%Y%m%d-%H%M`#用日期格式作为文件名
DUMPFILE=$DATE.sql
ARCHIVE=$DATE.sql.tar.gz
OPTIONS="-u$USER -p$PASSWORD $DATABASE"

#判断备份文件存储目录是否存在,否则创建该目录
if [ ! -d $BACKUP_DIR ]
then
 mkdir -p "$BACKUP_DIR"
fi 

#开始备份之前,将备份信息头写入日记文件
echo "    ">> $LOGFILE
echo "--------------------" >> $LOGFILE
echo "BACKUP DATE:" $(date +"%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") >> $LOGFILE
echo "-------------------" >> $LOGFILE 

#切换至备份目录
cd $BACKUP_DIR
mysqldump $OPTIONS > $DUMPFILE
#判断数据库备份是否成功
if [[ $? == 0 ]]
then
 tar czvf $ARCHIVE $DUMPFILE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
    echo "[$ARCHIVE] Backup Successful!" >> $LOGFILE
    rm -f $DUMPFILE #删除原始备份文件,只需保留备份压缩包
    # 把压缩包文件备份到其他机器上。
    scp -P $ARCHIVE daniel@*.*.*.*:/home/daniel/data_backup/
 else
    echo "Database Backup Fail!" >> $LOGFILE
#备份失败后向管理者发送邮件提醒
mail -s "database:$DATABASE Daily Backup Fail!" $MAIL
fi
echo "Backup Process Done"
#删除3天以上的备份文件
#Cleaning
find $BACKUP_DIR  -type f -mtime +2 -name "*.tar.gz" -exec rm -f {} \;

修改/etc/crontab

#vi /etc/crontab
在下面添加:
00 03 * * * root /data/backup/dump.sh注意/data/backup/dump.sh为脚本的存放位置.

表示每天3点钟执行备份。

重新启动crond
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/crond restart

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在CentOS实现MySQL数据库的自动备份

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