Oracle数据库之【备份与恢复篇】
rman功能强大,操作相对复杂一些,对普通的开发人员来说，在日常工作当中一般不需要使用，感兴趣的同事可以通过查看Oracle相关的资
一、物理备份工具rman（Recovery Manager）
rman功能强大,操作相对复杂一些,对普通的开发人员来说，，在日常工作当中一般不需要使用，感兴趣的同事可以通过查看Oracle相关的资料了解。
二、逻辑备份工具exp & impexp & imp工具程序使用简单、方便，一般与数据库有关的开发人员都可能要使用到。本课程将主要介绍exp & imp。
三、数据装载工具SQL LoaderSQL Loader主要用于将文本文件装载到数据库中。
下面重点介绍exp & imp
1、使用exp & imp 需要注意的事项
使用exp和imp需要保证服务器和客户端的字符集一致，通过exp导出时，客户端的版本最好和服务器一致，通过imp恢复时的数据库版本不能比原有的数据库版本低。
1、基本步骤
使用SQL Loader工具迁移数据一般分为三个步骤：
第一、生成文本文件。
第二、编写控制文件。
第三、导入的命令。
2、编写控制文件
LOAD DATA INFILE "D:\t_card_bill.txt"
APPEND INTO TABLE t_Card_bill FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
(uaccountno,billtype, fee, serviceno, fee_date date 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS',
fee_enddate date 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS', caller_number, called_number, duration)
3、导入的命令
sqlldr username/password@database control=控制文件所在路径\控制文件名
readsize=5000000 bindsize=5000000 rows=1000
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