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以下用jQuery， ajax 和 php完成服务器端对用户输入的验证：
前端代码如下
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>php 处理表单</title>
<style type="text/css">
table{
background-color: wheat;
box-shadow: 3px 3px 3px #888;
border-radius: 15px;
padding: 15px;
margin: 30px auto;
}
table td{
padding: 8px;
}
table caption{
font-size: 1.5em;
margin-bottom: 10px;
}
textarea{
resize: none;
}
form button{
width: 100px;
height: 30px;
border: none;
background-color: skyblue;
color: white;
}
form button:hover{
background-color: orangered;
font-size: 1.1em;
cursor: pointer;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<form>
<table>
<caption>register</caption>
<tr>
<td><label for="email">email:</label></td>
<td><input type="text" name="email" id="email" autofocus=""></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><label for="password1">password:</label></td>
<td><input type="password" name="password1" id="password1"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><label for="password2">comfirm your password:</label></td>
<td><input type="password" name="password2" id="password2"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><label for="sex">Gender:</label></td>
<td>
<input type="radio" name="gender" id="male" value="male"><label for="male">Male</label>
<input type="radio" name="gender" id="female" value="female"><label for="female">Female</label>
<input type="radio" name="gender" id="secret" value="secret" checked><label for="secret">secret</label>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><label for="level">level:</label></td>
<td>
<select name="level" id="level">
<option value="0">Junior</option>
<option value="1" selected>Middle</option>
<option value="2">Senior</option>
</select>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><label for="php">language:</label></td>
<td>
<input type="checkbox" name="language" id="php" checked><label for="php">php</label>
<input type="checkbox" name="language" id="java" ><label for="java">java</label>
<input type="checkbox" name="language" id="python" ><label for="python">python</label>
<input type="checkbox" name="language" id="C" ><label for="C">C</label>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><label for="comment"></label</td>
<td>
<textarea name="comment" id="comment" rows="3" cols="20"></textarea>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center">
<button type="submit" name="submit" id="submit" value="submit">Submit</button>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
<script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
//using ajax to compelete the form valiadation, using post method
//1.email validation
$('#email').blur(function () {
//using post method
//在URL里面加上参数 让服务器端的php能够判断验证的是什么
$.post('check.php?check=email','email='+ $('#email').val(),function (data) {
switch (data.status) {
case 0:
$('td').find('span').remove()
$('#email').after('<span>').next().text(data.msg).css('color','red').prev().focus()
break;
case 1:
$('td').find('span').remove()
$('#email').after('<span>').next().text(data.msg).css('color','red').prev().focus()
break;
case 2:
$('td').find('span').remove()
$('#email').after('<span>').next().text(data.msg).css('color','green')
break;
}
},'json')
})
//2.密码验证
$('#password1').blur(function () {
if ( $('#email').val().length == 0){
return false;
}
$.post('check.php?check=password1', 'password1=' + $('#password1').val(), function (data) {
if (data.status == 0){
$('td').find('span').remove()
$('#password1').after('<span>').next().text(data.msg).css('color','red').prev().focus()
} else {
$('td').find('span').remove()
}
}, 'json')
})
//3.确认密码
$('#password2').blur(function () {
if ( $('#email').val().length == 0 || $('#password1').val().length == 0){
return false;
}
//把数据写成json把数据传到php
$.post('check.php?check=password2', {
password1: $('#password1').val(),
password2: $('#password2').val()
}, function (data) {
switch (data.status){
case 0:
$('td').find('span').remove()
$('#password2').after('<span>').next().text(data.msg).css('color','red').prev().focus()
break;
case 1:
$('td').find('span').remove()
$('#password2').after('<span>').next().text(data.msg).css('color','red').prev().focus()
break;
case 2:
$('td').find('span').remove()
$('#password2').after('<span>').next().text(data.msg).css('color','green')
break;
}
}, 'json')
})
//4.确认文字域
$('#comment').blur(function () {
if ( $('#email').val().length == 0 || $('#password1').val().length == 0 || $('#password2').val().length == 0 ) {
return false;
}
$.post('check.php?check=comment', 'comment=' + $('#comment').val(), function (data) {
if (data.status == 0){
$('td').find('span').remove()
$('#comment').after('<span>').next().text(data.msg).css('color','red').prev().focus()
} else if (data.status == 1) {
$('td').find('span').remove()
$('#comment').after('<span>').next().text(data.msg).css('color','red').prev().focus()
} else if (data.status == 2) {
$('td').find('span').remove()
$('#comment').after('<span>').next().text(data.msg).css('color','green')
}
}, 'json')
})
</script>
</body>
</html>点击 "运行实例" 按钮查看在线实例
php服务器端代码如下：
<?php
/**
* Created by PhpStorm.
* User: hongda
* Date: 17/04/2018
* Time: 10:58 PM
*/
//echo '<pre>';
//print_r($email);
//echo $_GET['check'];
//using the value of check from url to decide which input should be validated
switch ($_GET['check']){
//validate email
case 'email':
//get the value of email
$email=$_POST['email'];
//determine if the value of email is empty
if (empty($email)){
//using json_encode() to return jason
exit(json_encode(['status'=>0,'msg'=>'email should not be empty!']));
}
//determine if the value of email is admin
else if (in_array($email,['admin@php.cn','hongda@php.cn'])){
exit(json_encode(['status'=>1,'msg'=>'This email cannot be used!']));
}
//return right message if users` input is legal
else {
exit(json_encode(['status'=>2,'msg'=>'you can use this email!']));
}
break;
//validate password1
case 'password1':
//get the value of password1
$password1=$_POST['password1'];
//determine if the value of password1 is empty
if (empty($password1)){
//using json_encode() to return jason
exit(json_encode(['status'=>0,'msg'=>'password should not be empty!']));
}
//return right message if users` input is legal
else {
exit(json_encode(['status'=>1,'msg'=>'you can use this password!']));
}
break;
//validate confirm password
case 'password2':
//get the value of password1 and password2
$password1=$_POST['password1'];
$password2=$_POST['password2'];
//determine if the value of password2 is empty
if (empty($password2)){
//using json_encode() to return jason
exit(json_encode(['status'=>0,'msg'=>'confirm password should not be empty!']));
}
//determine if the value of password1 is not equal to password2
else if ($password1 != $password2) {
exit(json_encode(['status'=>1,'msg'=>'confirm password doesnot match first password']));
}
//return right message if users` input is legal
else {
exit(json_encode(['status'=>2,'msg'=>'password valiadation has passed']));
}
break;
//validate comment
case 'comment':
//get the value of password1 and comment
$comment=$_POST['comment'];
//determine if the value of comment is empty
if (empty($comment)){
//using json_encode() to return jason
exit(json_encode(['status'=>0,'msg'=>'text area should not be empty!']));
}
//determine if the length of comment is less or equal to 10
else if (strlen($comment) <= 10 ) {
exit(json_encode(['status'=>1,'msg'=>'text area too short input!']));
}
//return right message if users` input is legal
else {
exit(json_encode(['status'=>2,'msg'=>'text area valiadation has passed']));
}
break;
default:
break;
}
?>点击 "运行实例" 按钮查看在线实例
总结：
以上通过jQuery ajax 把用户输入的值传给 php进行验证，其中有很多小技巧：
比如在ajax异步传值给php的时候，用链接后面参数传给服务器端，这次的 blur事件触发的验证是验证用户输入的哪部分；
比如用switch语句来根据服务器端返回的json里的status来输出验证反馈给用户。
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