PHP中的文件上传

学习总结

• 文件上传操作封装在类中利于使用和维护
• 文件批量上传时前端的input中写multiple参数
• 文件上传时前端form必须是POST方式上传，method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data",而且表单发送前的编码方式必须是二进制编码。

1.单文件上传类 upFException.php

<?php
namespace compotents\conn
{
    include 'upFException.php';
    class UploadFile
    {
        private $oriFileName;//原始文件名
        private $fileType;//文件类型 
        private $error;//错误类型
        private $tmpFileName;//临时文件名
        private $fileSize;//已上传文件大小
        public function __construct($file)
        {
            $this->oriFileName = $file['name'];
            $this->fileType = $file['type'];
            $this->error = $file['error'];
            $this->tmpFileName = $file['tmp_name'];
            $this->fileSize = $file['size'];
        }
        public function checkSuccess($fileType):bool//检测文件是否上传成功
        {
            $error = $this->error;
            $type = strstr($this->fileType,'/',true);
            try {
                if ($error > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) :
                    switch ($error) :
                        case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
                            throw new upFException('上传的文件超过了 php.ini 中 upload_max_filesize 选项限制的值', 1);
                        break;
                        case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
                            throw new upFException('上传文件的大小超过了 HTML 表单中 MAX_FILE_SIZE 选项指定的值', 2);
                            break;
                        case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
                            throw new upFException('文件只有部分被上传', 3);
                            break;
                        case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
                            throw new upFException('没有文件被上传', 4);
                            break;
                        case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
                            throw new upFException('找不到临时文件夹', 6);
                            break;
                        case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
                            throw new upFException('文件写入失败', 7);
                            break;
                        default:
                            throw new upFException('未知类型错误', 8);
                    endswitch;
                endif;
                if ($type !== strtolower($fileType)):
                    throw new upFException('文件类型错误', 9);
                endif;
                return true;
            }
            catch (upFException $e)
            {
                echo $e;
                return false;
            }
        }
        public function saveFile($destDir,$destFileName)
        {
            $tmp = $this->tmpFileName;
            $ori = $this->oriFileName;
            $dest = $destDir.$destFileName;
            if(is_uploaded_file($tmp))://判断是否是post方式上传的文件
                move_uploaded_file($tmp,$dest);
            endif;
        }
    }
}
?>

• 单文件上传前端处理部分代码

case 'regist':
        if($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']==='POST'):
            $name = trim($_POST['userName']);
            $nc = trim($_POST['userNc']);
            $pwd = md5(trim($_POST['pwd1']));
            $tpwd = trim($_POST['pwd1']);
            $rdate = date('Y-m-d'); 
            //使用用户名生成文件头像
            $fileName = strstr($name,'.',true).'.png';
            //生成一个文件上传的对象
            $file = new UploadFile($_FILES['userHeadImg']);
            //检测文件是否上传成功，参数是文件上传的类型限定
            if($file->checkSuccess('image')):
                //如果文件上传成功，则保存文件到服务器上
                $destDir = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']. '/php11/0511/images/headImg/';
                $file->saveFile($destDir,$fileName);
            else:
                exit('<script>alert("头像上传失败");location.href="register.php";</script>');
            endif;
            $data = ['name'=>"$name",'nc'=>"$nc",'password'=>"$pwd",'tpassword'=>"$tpwd",'regdate'=>"$rdate",'headimg'=>"$fileName"];
            //先判断一下用户名是否已经注册
            $where = "`name`='$name'";
            $res = $user->select($table,$where);
            if(count($res)):
                exit('<script>alert("邮箱已经注册过了，可直接登录");location.href="login.php";</script>');
            else:
                $rowCount = $user->insert($table,$data); //返回受影响的记录条数
                if($rowCount):  
                    exit('<script>alert("注册成功");location.href="login.php";</script>');
                else:
                    exit('<script>alert("注册失败");location.href="register.php";</script>');
                endif;
            endif;
        else:
            die('请求类型错误！');
        endif;

• 实现效果
  
  

2.文件批量上传类 UploadMulFile.php

<?php
namespace compotents\conn
{
    include 'upFException.php';
    class UploadMulFile
    {
        private $oriFileName = [];//原始文件名
        private $fileType = [];//文件类型 
        private $error = [];//错误类型
        private $tmpFileName = [];//临时文件名
        private $fileSize = [];//已上传文件大小
        public function __construct($file)
        {
            $this->oriFileName = $file['name'];
            $this->fileType = $file['type'];
            $this->error = $file['error'];
            $this->tmpFileName = $file['tmp_name'];
            $this->fileSize = $file['size'];
        }
        public function checkSuccess($fileType):bool//检测文件是否上传成功
        {
            $errors = $this->error;
            foreach($errors as $key => $error ):
                $type = strstr($this->fileType[$key],'/',true);
                $ori = $this->oriFileName[$key];
                try {
                    if ($error > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) :
                        switch ($error) :
                            case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
                                throw new upFException($ori.'上传的文件超过了 php.ini 中 upload_max_filesize 选项限制的值', 1);
                            break;
                            case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
                                throw new upFException($ori.'上传文件的大小超过了 HTML 表单中 MAX_FILE_SIZE 选项指定的值', 2);
                                break;
                            case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
                                throw new upFException($ori.'文件只有部分被上传', 3);
                                break;
                            case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
                                throw new upFException($ori.'没有文件被上传', 4);
                                break;
                            case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
                                throw new upFException($ori.'找不到临时文件夹', 6);
                                break;
                            case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
                                throw new upFException($ori.'文件写入失败', 7);
                                break;
                            default:
                                throw new upFException($ori.'未知类型错误', 8);
                        endswitch;
                    endif;
                    if ($type !== strtolower($fileType)):
                        throw new upFException($ori.'文件类型错误', 9);
                    endif;
                }
                catch (upFException $e)
                {
                    echo $e;
                    return false;
                }
            endforeach;
            return true;//如果没有错误，返回true
        }
        public function saveFile($destDir):array
        {
            $tmps = $this->tmpFileName;
            $images = [];
            foreach($tmps as $key => $tmp):
                $tmp = $this->tmpFileName[$key];
                $ori = $this->oriFileName[$key];
                $images[$key] = $ori;
                $dest = $destDir.$ori;
                if(is_uploaded_file($tmp))://判断是否是post方式上传的文件
                    move_uploaded_file($tmp,$dest);
                endif;
            endforeach;
            return $images;
        }
    }
}
?>

• 文件批量上传前端代码 showGoods.php

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/form.css">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="showgoods">
        <?php
            require 'autoLoad.php';
            use compotents\conn\UploadMulFile;
            if(count($_FILES)):
                $file = new UploadMulFile($_FILES['goods']);
                if($file->checkSuccess('image')):
                    //如果文件上传成功，则保存文件到服务器上
                    $destDir = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']. '/php11/0511/images/goods/';
                    $images = $file->saveFile($destDir,$fileName);
                endif;
        ?>
        <div style="display: flex;flex-flow: row wrap;justify-content: space-evenly;
  align-items: center;">
            <?php foreach($images as $image):?>
            <div
                style="width: 180px;height:150px; display:flex;justify-content:cetner;align-items: center;margin: 10px 10px;">
                <img src="images/goods/<?php echo $image ?>" alt=""></div>
            <?php endforeach; ?>
        </div>
        <?php        
            else:
        ?>
        <form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
            <div>
                <input type="file" name="goods[]" multiple>
            </div>
            <div><button type="submit">上传</button></div>
        </form>
        <?php
            endif;
        ?>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

• 代码效果图
  
  

3.文件上传异常类 upFException.php

<?
namespace compotents\conn
{
use Exception;
class upFException extends Exception
    {
        // 在异常子类中,可以访问并重写Exception中的四个属性,通过__toString()格式化异常输出信息
        public function __toString()
        {
            return <<< UPLOAD
                <style>
                    table {border-collapse: collapse;border:1px solid black;text-align: center;}
                    td {border:1px solid black;padding: 5px;}
                    tr:first-of-type {background-color:#eee;    
                    }
                    tr:last-of-type td {color: coral;}
                </style>
                <table>
                    <tr><td>代码</td><td>信息</td><td>文件</td><td>行号</td></tr>
                    <tr><td>$this->code</td><td>$this->message</td><td>$this->file</td><td>$this->line</td></tr>
                </table>
                UPLOAD;
        }
    }
}
?>