Solution to 403 error in python crawler
This article mainly introduces the relevant information of python crawler to solve 403 forbidden access error. Friends who need it can refer to it
python crawler solves 403 forbidden access error
When writing a crawler in Python, html.getcode() will encounter the problem of 403 forbidden access. This is a ban on automated crawlers on the website. To solve this problem, you need to use the python module urllib2 module
The urllib2 module is an advanced crawler module. There are many methods. For example, if you connect url=http://blog.csdn.NET/qysh123, there may be a 403 access forbidden problem for this connection.
To solve this problem, the following steps are required:
<span style="font-size:18px;">req = urllib2.Request(url)
req.add_header("User-Agent","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.95 Safari/537.36")
req.add_header("GET",url)
req.add_header("Host","blog.csdn.net")
req.add_header("Referer","http://blog.csdn.net/")</span>User-Agent is a browser-specific attribute, which can be seen by viewing the source code through the browser
Then
html=urllib2.urlopen(req) print html.read()
you can download all the web page code without the problem of 403 forbidden access.
For the above problems, it can be encapsulated into a function for easy use in the future. The specific code:
#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import urllib2
import random
url="http://blog.csdn.net/qysh123/article/details/44564943"
my_headers=["Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.95 Safari/537.36",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/35.0.1916.153 Safari/537.36",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:30.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/30.0"
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_9_2) AppleWebKit/537.75.14 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/7.0.3 Safari/537.75.14",
"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 10.0; Windows NT 6.2; Win64; x64; Trident/6.0)"
]
def get_content(url,headers):
'''''
@获取403禁止访问的网页
'''
randdom_header=random.choice(headers)
req=urllib2.Request(url)
req.add_header("User-Agent",randdom_header)
req.add_header("Host","blog.csdn.net")
req.add_header("Referer","http://blog.csdn.net/")
req.add_header("GET",url)
content=urllib2.urlopen(req).read()
return content
print get_content(url,my_headers)The random function is used to automatically obtain the already written For browser-type User-Agent information, you need to write your own Host, Referer, GET information, etc. in Custom Function. After solving these problems, you can access smoothly and no more 403 access will occur. Information.
Of course, if the access frequency is too fast, some websites will still be filtered. To solve this problem, you need to use a proxy IP method. . . Solve it yourself specifically
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