Detailed explanation of using new features of php7-PHP Tutorial-php.cn

Home

Backend Development

PHP Tutorial

Detailed explanation of using new features of php7

php中世界最好的语言

May 28, 2018 am 10:33 AM

php php7 Detailed explanation

This time I will bring you a detailed explanation of how to use the new features of php7. What are the precautions when using the new features of php7? The following is a practical case, let’s take a look.

Use... operator to define variable-length parameter function (PHP 5 >= 5.6.0, PHP 7)

You can now use... operator without relying on func_get_args() To implement a variable-length parameter function.

<?php
function f($req, $opt = null, ...$params) {
 // $params 是一个包含了剩余参数的数组
 printf(&#39;$req: %d; $opt: %d; number of params: %d&#39;."\n",
  $req, $opt, count($params));
}
f(1);
f(1, 2);
f(1, 2, 3);
f(1, 2, 3, 4);
f(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
?>

Copy after login

The above routine will output:

$req: 1; $opt: 0; number of params: 0
$req: 1; $opt: 2; number of params: 0
$req: 1; $opt: 2; number of params: 1
$req: 1; $opt: 2; number of params: 2
$req: 1; $ opt: 2; number of params: 3

Use... operator for parameter expansion (PHP 5 >= 5.6.0, PHP 7)

When calling the function When using the... operator, arrays and traversable objects are expanded into function parameters. In other programming languages, such as Ruby, this is called the concatenation operator.

<?php
function add($a, $b, $c) {
 return $a + $b + $c;
}
$operators = [2, 3];
echo add(1, ...$operators);
?>

Copy after login

The above routine will output:

6

##use function and use const (PHP 5 >= 5.6.0, PHP 7) The

use operator has been extended to support importing external functions and constants into classes. The corresponding structures are use function and use const.

<?php
namespace Name\Space {
 const FOO = 42;
 function f() { echo FUNCTION."\n"; }
}
namespace {
 use const Name\Space\FOO;
 use function Name\Space\f;
 echo FOO."\n";
 f();
}
?>

Copy after login

The above routine will output:

42
Name\Space\f

debugInfo() (PHP 5 >= 5.6.0, PHP 7)

Add debugInfo(), which can be used to control the attributes and values to be output when using var_dump() to output objects.

<?php
class C {
 private $prop;
 public function construct($val) {
 $this->prop = $val;
 }
 public function debugInfo() {
 return [
  'propSquared' => $this->prop ** 2,
 ];
 }
}
var_dump(new C(42));
?>

Copy after login

The above routine will output:

object(C)#1 (1) {
 ["propSquared"]=>
 int(1764)
}

Copy after login

Scalar type declaration (PHP 7)

There are two modes for scalar type declaration: forced (default ) and strict mode. The following type parameters are now available (either in forced or strict mode): string, int, float, and bool. They extend other types introduced in PHP5: class names, interfaces, arrays and

callback types.

<?php
// Coercive mode
function sumOfInts(int ...$ints)
{ return array_sum($ints);
}
var_dump(sumOfInts(2, &#39;3&#39;, 4.1));

Copy after login

The above routine will output:

#int(9)

To use strict mode, a declare declaration directive must be placed at the top of the file . This means that scalars are strictly declared configurable on a file basis. This directive not only affects the type declaration of the parameters, but also affects the return value

declaration of the function (see return value type declaration, built-in PHP functions and PHP functions loaded in extensions)

Return value type declaration (PHP 7)

PHP 7 adds support for return type declaration. Similar to the parameter type declaration, the return type declaration specifies the type of the function's return value. The available types are the same as those available in the parameter declaration.

<?php
function arraysSum(array ...$arrays): array
{
 return array_map(function(array $array): int {
 return array_sum($array);
 }, $arrays);
}
print_r(arraysSum([1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]));

Copy after login

The above routine will output:

Array
(
[0] => 6
[1] => 15
[2] => 24
)

Copy after login

null coalescing operator (PHP 7)

Due to the large number of simultaneous uses of ternary in daily use In the case of expressions and isset(), we add the syntax sugar of null coalescing operator (??). If the variable exists and is not NULL, it returns its own value, otherwise it returns its second operand.

<?php
// Fetches the value of $_GET[&#39;user&#39;] and returns &#39;nobody&#39;
// if it does not exist.
$username = $_GET[&#39;user&#39;] ?? &#39;nobody&#39;;
// This is equivalent to:
$username = isset($_GET[&#39;user&#39;]) ? $_GET[&#39;user&#39;] : &#39;nobody&#39;;
 
// Coalesces can be chained: this will return the first
// defined value out of $_GET[&#39;user&#39;], $_POST[&#39;user&#39;], and
// &#39;nobody&#39;.
$username = $_GET[&#39;user&#39;] ?? $_POST[&#39;user&#39;] ?? &#39;nobody&#39;;
?>

Copy after login

Spaceship operator (combined comparison operator) (PHP 7)

The spaceship operator is used to compare two expressions. It returns -1, 0 or 1 when $a is less than, equal to or greater than $b respectively. The principle of comparison follows PHP's regular comparison rules.

<?php
// Integers
echo 1 <=> 1; // 0
echo 1 <=> 2; // -1
echo 2 <=> 1; // 1
// Floats
echo 1.5 <=> 1.5; // 0
echo 1.5 <=> 2.5; // -1
echo 2.5 <=> 1.5; // 1
// Strings
echo "a" <=> "a"; // 0
echo "a" <=> "b"; // -1
echo "b" <=> "a"; // 1
?>

Copy after login

Defining constant arrays via define() (PHP 7)

Constants of type Array can now be defined via define(). In PHP5.6 it can only be defined via const.

<?php
define(&#39;ANIMALS&#39;, [
 &#39;dog&#39;,
 &#39;cat&#39;,
 &#39;bird&#39;
]);
echo ANIMALS[1]; // outputs "cat"
?>

Copy after login

I believe you have mastered the method after reading the case in this article. For more exciting information, please pay attention to other related articles on the php Chinese website!

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Assassin's Creed Shadows: Seashell Riddle Solution

4 weeks ago By DDD

What's New in Windows 11 KB5054979 & How to Fix Update Issues

3 weeks ago By DDD

Where to find the Crane Control Keycard in Atomfall

4 weeks ago By DDD

Roblox: Dead Rails - How To Complete Every Challenge

1 months ago By DDD

How to fix KB5055523 fails to install in Windows 11?

2 weeks ago By DDD

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Where is the login entrance for gmail email?

7722

Java Tutorial

1642

CakePHP Tutorial

1396

Laravel Tutorial

1289

PHP Tutorial

1233

Related knowledge

PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian Dec 24, 2024 pm 04:42 PM

PHP 8.4 brings several new features, security improvements, and performance improvements with healthy amounts of feature deprecations and removals. This guide explains how to install PHP 8.4 or upgrade to PHP 8.4 on Ubuntu, Debian, or their derivati

How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development Dec 20, 2024 am 11:31 AM

Visual Studio Code, also known as VS Code, is a free source code editor — or integrated development environment (IDE) — available for all major operating systems. With a large collection of extensions for many programming languages, VS Code can be c

Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String Feb 07, 2025 pm 12:12 PM

A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total

How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? Feb 07, 2025 am 11:57 AM

This tutorial demonstrates how to efficiently process XML documents using PHP. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a versatile text-based markup language designed for both human readability and machine parsing. It's commonly used for data storage an

How to automatically set permissions of unixsocket after system restart? Mar 31, 2025 pm 11:54 PM

How to automatically set the permissions of unixsocket after the system restarts. Every time the system restarts, we need to execute the following command to modify the permissions of unixsocket: sudo...

Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? Apr 03, 2025 am 12:03 AM

What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.

See all articles