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Summary of PHP definition string methods

May 19, 2018 am 10:18 AM
php string Summarize

这次给大家带来PHP定义字符串方法总结,PHP定义字符串的注意事项有哪些,下面就是实战案例,一起来看一下。

1、简介

在PHP中这门语言中,因为是弱类型语言,因此使用变量时不需提前定义即可使用。

我们在使用php进行开发的时候,大多数使用双引号、单引号进行定义字符串。既然有这两种方式,那么他们之间肯定是有区别的。

并且,除了单双引号定义字符串这两种方式外,php还增加了heredoc和nowdoc这两种语法糖进行补充。

2、单引号与双引号

2.1、单引号

在单引号中,任何特殊字符都会按原样输出【除\\、\‘将会被转义输出】

eg.

<?php
$var = &#39;this is a var!&#39;;
echo &#39;666$var666、\&#39;、\"、\\、\n、\r、\t、\$&#39;;
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从上面例子中我们可以明显看到,变量是没有被解析的;同时带反斜杠的转义字符仅仅只有单引号、反斜杠被转义输出了,其他的是直接输出。

2.2、双引号

在双引号中,遇到$将会解析该变量;

双引号中会转义反斜杠的转义字符;

<?php
$var = &#39;this is a var!&#39;; 
echo "666$var 666、\&#39;、\"、\\、\n、\r、\t、\$";
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转义字符代码转义字符的含义
\ "双引号
\ '单引号
\ \反斜杠
\ n换行符
\ r回车符
\ t制表符
\ $美元符号

由上面例子我们可以知道,双引号中的变量被解析了,替换成字符串;其他带反斜杠的转义字符都进行了相应的转义。

2.3、单双引号之间的区别

以上两者主要区别:

1、 双引号会替换变量的值,而单引号会把它当做字符串输出。

2、对于转义的支持

3、性能速度问题,由于双引号中的字符串需要检测是否含有$符号修饰的变量,因此从理论上讲,单引号是比较快的。

3、heredoc与nowdoc

3.1、heredoc

heredoc可以理解为不使用双引号来定义字符串,但效果与使用双引号一致。【此时双引号相当于普通字符】

语法要求:

1、开始标记和结束标记使用相同的字符串,通常以大写字母来写。

2、开始标记后不能出现空格或多余的字符。

3、结束标记必须顶头写,不能有缩进和空格,且在结束标记末尾要有分号 。

4、位于开始标记和结束标记之间的变量可以被正常解析,但是函数则不可以。

eg.

 <?php
 $var = &#39;this is suifeng&#39;; 
 echo <<<"EOT"
 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html>
 <head>
   <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf8" />
   <title>"随风"</title>
 </head>
 <body>
 66666666666<br/>
 "666666666"<br/>
 $var<br/>
 \$var<br/>
 \n666<br>
 </body>
 </html>
 EOT;
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从打印的结果我们可以看出:此时双引号仅仅只是一个普通字符;其他的效果和双引号的字符串效果一致。

3.2、nowdoc

同理,nowdoc是不使用单引号来定义,但效果相当于使用单引号来定义的字符串。【此时单引号相当于普通字符】

语法同heredoc

eg.

 <?php 
 $var = &#39;this is suifeng&#39;; 
 echo <<<&#39;EOT&#39; 
 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html>
 <head>
   <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf8" />
   <title>"随风"</title>
 </head>
 <body>
 '02020'<br/>
 \'<br/>
 66666666666<br/>
 "666666666"<br/>
 $var<br/>
 \$var<br/>
 \n666<br>
 </body>
 </html>
 EOT;
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注意:

定界符之后必须不能有任何字符【特别是空格字符有时会没注意到】,否则将会出错。

如上例中的EOT后面有空格就会报这个错误:【 Parse error : syntax error, unexpected '<<' (T_SL)】

相信看了本文案例你已经掌握了方法,更多精彩请关注php中文网其它相关文章!

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