php使用gearman进行任务分发
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一、安装gearman
下载gearman源码包
1 |
https://launchpad.net/gearmand/+download Copy after login |
如: gearmand-1.1.12.tar.gz
下载php的gearman扩展包
1 | http://pecl.php.net/package/gearman Copy after login |
如: gearman-1.1.2.tgz
安装gearman
1 2 3 4 5 | > yum install boost-devel gperf libevent-devel libuuid-devel > tar xf gearmand-1.1.12.tar.gz > cd gearmand-1.1.12 > ./configure > make && make install Copy after login |
安装gearman的php扩展(建议php版本不要过高,因为php7的gearman扩展目前还没有出来)
1 2 3 4 5 6 | > yum install autoconf > tar xf gearman-1.1.2.tgz > cd gearman-1.1.2 > /data/php56/bin/phpize > ./configure --with-php-config=/data/php56/bin/php-config > make && make install Copy after login |
修改php.ini
1 | > vi /data/php56/lib/php.ini Copy after login |
添加如下两项
1 2 | extension_dir=/data/php56/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20131226/ extension=gearman.so Copy after login |
查看扩展
1 | > /data/php56/bin/php -m Copy after login |
二、简单的使用gearman
gearman中请求的处理过程一般涉及三种角色:client->job->worker
其中client是请求的发起者
job是请求的调度者,用于把客户的请求分发到不同的worker上进行工作
worker是请求的处理者
比如这里我们要处理client向job发送一个请求,来计算两个数之和,job负责调度worker来具体实现计算两数之和。
首先我们编写client.php
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | <?php //创建一个客户端 $client = new GearmanClient(); //添加一个job服务 $client->addServer('127.0.0.1', 4730); //doNormal是同步的,等待worker处理完成返回结果 //建议不要使用do()了 $ret = $client->doNormal('sum', serialize(array(10, 10))); if($ret) { echo '计算结果:', $ret, "\n"; } Copy after login |
再编写worker.php
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 | <?php //创建一个worker $worker = new GearmanWorker(); //添加一个job服务 $worker->addServer('127.0.0.1', 4730); //注册一个回调函数,用于业务处理 $worker->addFunction('sum', function($job) { //workload()获取客户端发送来的序列化数据 $data = unserialize($job->workload()); return $data[0] + $data[1]; }); //死循环 while(true) { //等待job提交的任务 $ret = $worker->work(); if ($worker->returnCode() != GEARMAN_SUCCESS) { break; } } Copy after login |
我们先启动gearmand服务
1 2 | > mkdir -p /usr/local/var/log > gearmand -d Copy after login |
运行worker文件
1 | > /data/php56/bin/php /data/worker.php Copy after login |
再运行client文件
1 | > /data/php56/bin/php /data/client.php Copy after login |
结果如下:
三、gearman异步的处理任务
这里我们client向job发送一个发送邮件的请求,不等待请求完成,继续向下执行。
client.php代码如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 | <?php //创建一个客户端 $client = new GearmanClient(); //添加一个job服务 $client->addServer('127.0.0.1', 4730); //doBackground异步,返回提交任务的句柄 $ret = $client->doBackground('sendEmail', json_encode(array( 'email' => 'test@qq.com', 'title' => '测试异步', 'body' => '异步执行好牛B的样子', ))); //继续执行下面的代码 echo "我的内心毫无波动,甚至还想笑\n"; do { sleep(1); //获取任务句柄的状态 //jobStatus返回的是一个数组 //第一个,表示工作是否已经知道 //第二个,工作是否在运行 //第三和第四,分别对应完成百分比的分子与分母 $status = $client->jobStatus($ret); echo "完成情况:{$status[2]}/{$status[3]}\n"; if(!$status[1]) { break; } } while(true); Copy after login |
worker.php代码如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 | <?php //创建一个worker $worker = new GearmanWorker(); //添加一个job服务 $worker->addServer('127.0.0.1', 4730); //注册一个回调函数,用于业务处理 $worker->addFunction('sendEmail', function($job) { //workload()获取客户端发送来的序列化数据 $data = json_decode($job->workload(), true); //模拟发送邮件所用时间 sleep(6); echo "发送{$data['email']}邮件成功\n"; }); //死循环 //等待job提交的任务 while($worker->work()); Copy after login |
结果如下:
四、gearman并行的执行多个任务
我们如何并行的计算两个数的累加和? 通过addTask添加多个任务到队列,然后进行并行计算。
client.php代码如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 | <?php //创建一个客户端 $client = new GearmanClient(); //添加一个job服务 $client->addServer('127.0.0.1', 4730); //设置任务完成时的回调函数 $client->setCompleteCallback(function($task) { //获取由worker返回的数据 echo $task->data(), "\n"; }); //计算1到500的累加和 //添加五个任务到队列 $client->addTask('sum', json_encode(array(1, 100))); $client->addTask('sum', json_encode(array(100, 200))); $client->addTask('sum', json_encode(array(200, 300))); $client->addTask('sum', json_encode(array(300, 400))); $client->addTask('sum', json_encode(array(400, 500))); //运行队列中的任务,do系列不需要runTask() $client->runTasks(); Copy after login |
worker.php代码如下:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | <?php //创建一个worker $worker = new GearmanWorker(); //添加一个job服务 $worker->addServer('127.0.0.1', 4730); //注册一个回调函数,用于业务处理 $worker->addFunction('sum', function($job) { //workload()获取客户端发送来的序列化数据 $data = json_decode($job->workload(), true); sleep(1); $sum = 0; for($ix = $data[0]; $ix < $data[1]; ++$ix) { $sum += $ix; } return $sum; }); //死循环 //等待job提交的任务 while($worker->work()); Copy after login |
我们开启5个worker工作进程,当运行客户端请求时,5个计算任务几乎是同时返回结果。
结果如下:
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