PHP and Redis implement rush buying and flash sales under high concurrency

<?php
$conn=mysql_connect("localhost","big","123456");
if(!$conn){
echo "connect failed";
exit;
}
mysql_select_db("big",$conn);
mysql_query("set names utf8");
$price=10;
$user_id=1;
$goods_id=1;
$sku_id=11;
$number=1;
//生成唯一订单
function build_order_no(){
return date(&#39;ymd&#39;).substr(implode(NULL, array_map(&#39;ord&#39;, str_split(substr(uniqid(), 7, 13), 1))), 0, 8);
}
//记录日志
function insertLog($event,$type=0){
global $conn;
$sql="insert into ih_log(event,type)
values(&#39;$event&#39;,&#39;$type&#39;)";
mysql_query($sql,$conn);
}
//模拟下单操作
//库存是否大于0
$sql="select number from ih_store where goods_id=&#39;$goods_id&#39; and sku_id=&#39;$sku_id&#39;";
//解锁 此时ih_store数据中goods_id=&#39;$goods_id&#39; and sku_id=&#39;$sku_id&#39; 的数据被锁住(注3)，其它事务必须等待此次事务 提交后才能执行
$rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
$row=mysql_fetch_assoc($rs);
if($row[&#39;number&#39;]>0){//高并发下会导致超卖
$order_sn=build_order_no();
//生成订单
$sql="insert into ih_order(order_sn,user_id,goods_id,sku_id,price)
values(&#39;$order_sn&#39;,&#39;$user_id&#39;,&#39;$goods_id&#39;,&#39;$sku_id&#39;,&#39;$price&#39;)";
$order_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
//库存减少
$sql="update ih_store set number=number-{$number} where sku_id=&#39;$sku_id&#39;";
$store_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
if(mysql_affected_rows()){
insertLog(&#39;库存减少成功&#39;);
}else{
insertLog(&#39;库存减少失败&#39;);
}
}else{
insertLog(&#39;库存不够&#39;);
}
出现这种情况怎么办呢？来看几种优化方法：
优化方案1：将库存字段number字段设为unsigned，当库存为0时，因为字段不能为负数，将会返回false
//库存减少
$sql="update ih_store set number=number-{$number} where sku_id=&#39;$sku_id&#39; and number>0";
$store_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
if(mysql_affected_rows()){
insertLog(&#39;库存减少成功&#39;);
}
优化方案2：使用MySQL的事务，锁住操作的行
<?php
$conn=mysql_connect("localhost","big","123456");
if(!$conn){
echo "connect failed";
exit;
}
mysql_select_db("big",$conn);
mysql_query("set names utf8");
$price=10;
$user_id=1;
$goods_id=1;
$sku_id=11;
$number=1;
//生成唯一订单号
function build_order_no(){
return date(&#39;ymd&#39;).substr(implode(NULL, array_map(&#39;ord&#39;, str_split(substr(uniqid(), 7, 13), 1))), 0, 8);
}
//记录日志
function insertLog($event,$type=0){
global $conn;
$sql="insert into ih_log(event,type)
values(&#39;$event&#39;,&#39;$type&#39;)";
mysql_query($sql,$conn);
}
//模拟下单操作
//库存是否大于0
mysql_query("BEGIN"); //开始事务
$sql="select number from ih_store where goods_id=&#39;$goods_id&#39; and sku_id=&#39;$sku_id&#39; FOR UPDATE";//此时这条记录被锁住,其它事务必须等待此次事务提交后才能执行
$rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
$row=mysql_fetch_assoc($rs);
if($row[&#39;number&#39;]>0){
//生成订单
$order_sn=build_order_no();
$sql="insert into ih_order(order_sn,user_id,goods_id,sku_id,price)
values(&#39;$order_sn&#39;,&#39;$user_id&#39;,&#39;$goods_id&#39;,&#39;$sku_id&#39;,&#39;$price&#39;)";
$order_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
//库存减少
$sql="update ih_store set number=number-{$number} where sku_id=&#39;$sku_id&#39;";
$store_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
if(mysql_affected_rows()){
insertLog(&#39;库存减少成功&#39;);
mysql_query("COMMIT");//事务提交即解锁
}else{
insertLog(&#39;库存减少失败&#39;);
}
}else{
insertLog(&#39;库存不够&#39;);
mysql_query("ROLLBACK");
}
优化方案3：使用非阻塞的文件排他锁
<?php
$conn=mysql_connect("localhost","root","123456");
if(!$conn){
echo "connect failed";
exit;
}
mysql_select_db("big-bak",$conn);
mysql_query("set names utf8");
$price=10;
$user_id=1;
$goods_id=1;
$sku_id=11;
$number=1;
//生成唯一订单号
function build_order_no(){
return date(&#39;ymd&#39;).substr(implode(NULL, array_map(&#39;ord&#39;, str_split(substr(uniqid(), 7, 13), 1))), 0, 8);
}
//记录日志
function insertLog($event,$type=0){
global $conn;
$sql="insert into ih_log(event,type)
values(&#39;$event&#39;,&#39;$type&#39;)";
mysql_query($sql,$conn);
}
$fp = fopen("lock.txt", "w+");
if(!flock($fp,LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB)){
echo "系统繁忙，请稍后再试";
return;
}
//下单
$sql="select number from ih_store where goods_id=&#39;$goods_id&#39; and sku_id=&#39;$sku_id&#39;";
$rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
$row=mysql_fetch_assoc($rs);
if($row[&#39;number&#39;]>0){//库存是否大于0
//模拟下单操作
$order_sn=build_order_no();
$sql="insert into ih_order(order_sn,user_id,goods_id,sku_id,price)
values(&#39;$order_sn&#39;,&#39;$user_id&#39;,&#39;$goods_id&#39;,&#39;$sku_id&#39;,&#39;$price&#39;)";
$order_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
//库存减少
$sql="update ih_store set number=number-{$number} where sku_id=&#39;$sku_id&#39;";
$store_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
if(mysql_affected_rows()){
insertLog(&#39;库存减少成功&#39;);
flock($fp,LOCK_UN);//释放锁
}else{
insertLog(&#39;库存减少失败&#39;);
}
}else{
insertLog(&#39;库存不够&#39;);
}
fclose($fp);
优化方案4：使用redis队列，因为pop操作是原子的，即使有很多用户同时到达，也是依次执行，推荐使用（mysql事务在高并发下性能下降很厉害，文件锁的方式也是）
先将商品库存如队列
<?php
$store=1000;
$redis=new Redis();
$result=$redis->connect(&#39;127.0.0.1&#39;,6379);
$res=$redis->llen(&#39;goods_store&#39;);
echo $res;
$count=$store-$res;
for($i=0;$i<$count;$i++){
$redis->lpush(&#39;goods_store&#39;,1);
}
echo $redis->llen(&#39;goods_store&#39;);
抢购、描述逻辑
<?php
$conn=mysql_connect("localhost","big","123456");
if(!$conn){
echo "connect failed";
exit;
}
mysql_select_db("big",$conn);
mysql_query("set names utf8");
$price=10;
$user_id=1;
$goods_id=1;
$sku_id=11;
$number=1;
//生成唯一订单号
function build_order_no(){
return date(&#39;ymd&#39;).substr(implode(NULL, array_map(&#39;ord&#39;, str_split(substr(uniqid(), 7, 13), 1))), 0, 8);
}
//记录日志
function insertLog($event,$type=0){
global $conn;
$sql="insert into ih_log(event,type)
values(&#39;$event&#39;,&#39;$type&#39;)";
mysql_query($sql,$conn);
}
//模拟下单操作
//下单前判断redis队列库存量
$redis=new Redis();
$result=$redis->connect(&#39;127.0.0.1&#39;,6379);
$count=$redis->lpop(&#39;goods_store&#39;);
if(!$count){
insertLog(&#39;error:no store redis&#39;);
return;
}
//生成订单
$order_sn=build_order_no();
$sql="insert into ih_order(order_sn,user_id,goods_id,sku_id,price)
values(&#39;$order_sn&#39;,&#39;$user_id&#39;,&#39;$goods_id&#39;,&#39;$sku_id&#39;,&#39;$price&#39;)";
$order_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
//库存减少
$sql="update ih_store set number=number-{$number} where sku_id=&#39;$sku_id&#39;";
$store_rs=mysql_query($sql,$conn);
if(mysql_affected_rows()){
insertLog(&#39;库存减少成功&#39;);
}else{
insertLog(&#39;库存减少失败&#39;);
}