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Linux's practical implementation method of PS1 command prompt format in batch server management
Linux's practical implementation method of PS1 command prompt format in batch server management
这时，我们肯定会经常遇到这样一个困扰：操作服务器时因某事中断，回头继续操作的时候肯定会ifconfg确认下是否是我要操作的服务器，因为无法从表象识别。
所以，我们很有必要将这个PS1命令行提示符优化一下。每个运维攻城狮肯定都有自己的习惯，不过我还是推荐一个服务器批量管理中比较使用的PS1格式吧！
PS1是神马？PS1是linux里头的一个默认的环境变量，至于当前系统的PS1是如何设置的，你可以使用命令“env|grep PS1”来查看 。
其实PS1就是用来设置命令提示符格式的环境变量。
下面贴一下PS1的配置参数：
\d ：代表日期，格式为weekday month date，例如："Mon Aug 1" \H ：完整的主机名称。例如：我的机器名称为：fc4.linux，则这个名称就是fc4.linux \h ：仅取主机的第一个名字，如上例，则为fc4，.linux则被省略 \t ：显示时间为24小时格式，如：HH：MM：SS \T ：显示时间为12小时格式 \A ：显示时间为24小时格式：HH：MM \u ：当前用户的账号名称 \v ：BASH的版本信息 \w ：完整的工作目录名称。家目录会以 ~代替 \W ：利用basename取得工作目录名称，所以只会列出最后一个目录 \# ：下达的第几个命令 \$ ：提示字符，如果是root时，提示符为：# ，普通用户则为：$
当然，为了更好的识别，我们还可以加入一些颜色设置，这个就不赘述了，百度一下shell颜色即可，当然记得参考下文的PS1进行自定义。
为了更好的区分服务器，我建议使用如下格式：
[username@ipaddress /pwd ]#|$ 比如： [root@192.168.1.1 /data/ ]
所以PS1可以如下设置：
export PS1='\[\e[32m\][\u@192.168.1.1:\[\e[m\]\[\e[33m\]\w\[\e[m\]\[\e[32m\]]\[\e[m\]\$ '
但是机器太多，这个IP总不能每次手动修改，所以还是写个脚本来修改吧！（当然，你也可以先获取IP，赋值变量加入到PS1）
脚本很简单：
#!/bin/sh
#########################################################################
# Update PS1 like [root@192.168.1.113 /data]# #
#########################################################################
#先判断网卡是否存在，我这边eth1是内网网卡
ifconfig eth1 >/dev/null 2>&1
if [[ $? != 0 ]]
then
echo 'interface eth1 not exsit!';
exit 1
fi
#Centos/Redhat 7 ifconfig显示的结果不是 inet addr: 而是 inet 直接加IP，所以这里需要判断下：
function Get_eth1IP()
{
if [[ $1 -eq 7 ]]
then
#for centos 7
eth1_IP=$(ifconfig eth1 |awk '/inet / {print $2}'|awk '{print $1}')
else
eth1_IP=$(ifconfig eth1 |awk -F":" '/inet addr:/ {print $2}'|awk '{print $1}')
fi
}
test -f /etc/redhat-release && grep 7 /etc/redhat-release >/dev/null 2>&1 && Get_eth1IP 7
test -f /etc/centos-release && grep 7 /etc/redhat-release >/dev/null 2>&1 && Get_eth1IP 7 || Get_eth1IP
echo $eth1_IP | grep -E "[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}" >/dev/null 2>&1
if [[ $? != 0 ]]
then
echo 'eth1_IP is empty!'
exit 1
fi
function Export()
{
echo "export PS1='\[\e[32m\][\u@${eth1_IP}:\[\e[m\]\[\e[33m\]\w\[\e[m\]\[\e[32m\]]\[\e[m\]\\$ '">>${1} && \
echo -e "\033[32m Update \033[0m \033[33m${1}\033[33m \033[32mSuccess! Please relogin your system for refresh... \033[0m"
}
function home_env()
{
if [[ ! -z $1 ]]
then
home=$1
else
home=/root
fi
#有的用户可能会在家目录下自定义一些配置，即 .proflie这个隐藏文件，所以也需要更新
test -f $home/.profile && (
sed -i '/export PS1=/d' $home/.profile
Export $home/.profile
)
}
#获取当前用户id，如果是root组的则可以操作/etc/profile
userid=$(id | awk '{print $1}' | sed -e 's/=/ /' -e 's/(/ /' -e 's/)/ /'|awk '{print $2}')
if [[ $userid = 0 ]]
then
#for all
sed -i '/export PS1=/d' /etc/profile
Export /etc/profile
#for root
home_env
#如果其他用户需要修改，只要开启一下三行，并将other修改成用户名
#id other >/dev/null 2>&1 && (
# home_env ~other
#)
else
#for userself
home_env ~
fi
好了，最后直接 source ./update_PS1.sh 即可看到效果：
重新登陆或source /etc/profile，就可以看到效果了：
这样设置之后，就能清晰的知道现在操作的是服务器是哪一台，而不至于混淆。
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