Home Database Mysql Tutorial Oracle数据运用那种主键生成策略

Oracle数据运用那种主键生成策略

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:08 PM

Hibernate是一个开放源代码的对象关系映射框架,它对JDBC进行了非常轻量级的对象封装,使得Java程序员可以随心所欲的使用对象编程

Hibernate是一个开放源代码的对象关系映射框架,,它对JDBC进行了非常轻量级的对象封装,使得Java程序员可以随心所欲的使用对象编程思维来操纵数据库。 Hibernate可以应用在任何使用JDBC的场合,既可以在Java的客户端程序使用,也可以在Servlet/JSP的Web应用中使用,最具革命意义的是,Hibernate可以在应用EJB的J2EE架构中取代CMP,完成数据持久化的重任。

Assigned

  Assigned方式由用户生成主键值,并且要在save()之前指定否则会抛  Hibernate相关书籍

出异常  特点:主键的生成值完全由用户决定,与底层数据库无关。用户需要维护主键值,在调用session.save()之前要指定主键值。

Hilo

  Hilo使用高低位算法生成主键,高低位算法使用一个高位值和一个低位值,然后把算法得到的两个值拼接起来作为数据库中的唯一主键。Hilo方式需要额外的数据库表和字段提供高位值来源。默认请况下使用的表是  hibernate_unique_key,默认字段叫作next_hi。next_hi必须有一条记录否则会出现错误。  特点:需要额外的数据库表的支持,能保证同一个数据库中主键的唯一性,但不能保证多个数据库之间主键的唯一性。Hilo主键生成方式由Hibernate 维护,所以Hilo方式与底层数据库无关,但不应该手动修改hi/lo算法使用的表的值,否则会引起主键重复的异常。

Increment

  Increment方式对主键值采取自动增长的方式生成新的主键值,但要求底层数据库的支持Sequence。如Oracle,DB2等。需要在映射文件xxx.hbm.xml中加入Increment标志符的设置。  特点:由Hibernate本身维护,适用于所有的数据库,不适合多进程并发更新数据库,适合单一进程访问数据库。不能用于群集环境。

Identity

  Identity当时根据底层数据库,来支持自动增长,不同的数据库用不同的主  Hibernate相关书籍

键增长方式。  特点:与底层数据库有关,要求数据库支持Identity,如MySQl中是auto_increment, SQL Server 中是Identity,支持的数据库有MySql、SQL Server、DB2、Sybase和HypersonicSQL。 Identity无需Hibernate和用户的干涉,使用较为方便,但不便于在不同的数据库之间移植程序。

Sequence

  Sequence需要底层数据库支持Sequence方式,例如Oracle数据库等  特点:需要底层数据库的支持序列,支持序列的数据库有DB2、PostgreSql、Oracle、SAPDb等在不同数据库之间移植程序,特别从支持序列的数据库移植到不支持序列的数据库需要修改配置文件

Native

  Native主键生成方式会根据不同的底层数据库自动选择Identity、Sequence、Hilo主键生成方式  特点:根据不同的底层数据库采用不同的主键生成方式。由于Hibernate会根据底层数据库采用不同的映射方式,因此便于程序移植,项目中如果用到多个数据库时,可以使用这种方式。

UUID

  UUID使用128位UUID算法生成主键,能够保证网络环境下的主键唯一性,也就能够保证在不同数据库及不同服务器下主键的唯一性。  特点;能够保证数据库中的主键唯一性,生成的主键占用比较多的存贮空间

Foreign GUID

使用外部表的字段作为主键。一般而言,利用uuid.hex方式生成主键将提供最好的性能和数据库平台适应性。

这10中生成OID标识符的方法,increment比较常用,把标识符生成的权力交给Hibernate处理.但是当同时多个Hibernate应用操作同一个数据库,甚至同一张表的时候.就推荐使用identity 依赖底层数据库实现,但是数据库必须支持自动增长,当然针对不同的数据库选择不同的方法.如果你不能确定你使用的数据库具体支持什么的情况下.可以选择用native 让Hibernate来帮选择identity,sequence,或hilo.

另外由于常用的数据库,如Oracle、DB2、SQLServer、MySql 等,都提供了易用的主键生成机制(Auto-Increase 字段或者Sequence)。我们可以在数据库提供的主键生成机制上,采用generator-class=native的主键生成方式。

不过值得注意的是,一些数据库提供的主键生成机制在效率上未必最佳,大量并发insert数据时可能会引起表之间的互锁。数据库提供的主键生成机制,往往是通过在一个内部表中保存当前主键状态(如对于自增型主键而言,此内部表中就维护着当前的最大值和递增量),之后每次插入数据会读取这个最大值,然后加上递增量作为新记录的主键,之后再把这个新的最大值更新回内部表中,这样,一次Insert操作可能导致数据库内部多次表读写操作,同时伴随的还有数据的加锁解锁操作,这对性能产生了较大影响。因此,对于并发Insert要求较高的系统,推荐采用uuid.hex 作为主键生成机制。

linux

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

When might a full table scan be faster than using an index in MySQL? When might a full table scan be faster than using an index in MySQL? Apr 09, 2025 am 12:05 AM

Full table scanning may be faster in MySQL than using indexes. Specific cases include: 1) the data volume is small; 2) when the query returns a large amount of data; 3) when the index column is not highly selective; 4) when the complex query. By analyzing query plans, optimizing indexes, avoiding over-index and regularly maintaining tables, you can make the best choices in practical applications.

Can I install mysql on Windows 7 Can I install mysql on Windows 7 Apr 08, 2025 pm 03:21 PM

Yes, MySQL can be installed on Windows 7, and although Microsoft has stopped supporting Windows 7, MySQL is still compatible with it. However, the following points should be noted during the installation process: Download the MySQL installer for Windows. Select the appropriate version of MySQL (community or enterprise). Select the appropriate installation directory and character set during the installation process. Set the root user password and keep it properly. Connect to the database for testing. Note the compatibility and security issues on Windows 7, and it is recommended to upgrade to a supported operating system.

Explain InnoDB Full-Text Search capabilities. Explain InnoDB Full-Text Search capabilities. Apr 02, 2025 pm 06:09 PM

InnoDB's full-text search capabilities are very powerful, which can significantly improve database query efficiency and ability to process large amounts of text data. 1) InnoDB implements full-text search through inverted indexing, supporting basic and advanced search queries. 2) Use MATCH and AGAINST keywords to search, support Boolean mode and phrase search. 3) Optimization methods include using word segmentation technology, periodic rebuilding of indexes and adjusting cache size to improve performance and accuracy.

Difference between clustered index and non-clustered index (secondary index) in InnoDB. Difference between clustered index and non-clustered index (secondary index) in InnoDB. Apr 02, 2025 pm 06:25 PM

The difference between clustered index and non-clustered index is: 1. Clustered index stores data rows in the index structure, which is suitable for querying by primary key and range. 2. The non-clustered index stores index key values ​​and pointers to data rows, and is suitable for non-primary key column queries.

MySQL: Simple Concepts for Easy Learning MySQL: Simple Concepts for Easy Learning Apr 10, 2025 am 09:29 AM

MySQL is an open source relational database management system. 1) Create database and tables: Use the CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE commands. 2) Basic operations: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and SELECT. 3) Advanced operations: JOIN, subquery and transaction processing. 4) Debugging skills: Check syntax, data type and permissions. 5) Optimization suggestions: Use indexes, avoid SELECT* and use transactions.

The relationship between mysql user and database The relationship between mysql user and database Apr 08, 2025 pm 07:15 PM

In MySQL database, the relationship between the user and the database is defined by permissions and tables. The user has a username and password to access the database. Permissions are granted through the GRANT command, while the table is created by the CREATE TABLE command. To establish a relationship between a user and a database, you need to create a database, create a user, and then grant permissions.

Can mysql and mariadb coexist Can mysql and mariadb coexist Apr 08, 2025 pm 02:27 PM

MySQL and MariaDB can coexist, but need to be configured with caution. The key is to allocate different port numbers and data directories to each database, and adjust parameters such as memory allocation and cache size. Connection pooling, application configuration, and version differences also need to be considered and need to be carefully tested and planned to avoid pitfalls. Running two databases simultaneously can cause performance problems in situations where resources are limited.

Explain different types of MySQL indexes (B-Tree, Hash, Full-text, Spatial). Explain different types of MySQL indexes (B-Tree, Hash, Full-text, Spatial). Apr 02, 2025 pm 07:05 PM

MySQL supports four index types: B-Tree, Hash, Full-text, and Spatial. 1.B-Tree index is suitable for equal value search, range query and sorting. 2. Hash index is suitable for equal value searches, but does not support range query and sorting. 3. Full-text index is used for full-text search and is suitable for processing large amounts of text data. 4. Spatial index is used for geospatial data query and is suitable for GIS applications.

See all articles