HTML 5 & CSS 3的新交互特性
本文标题的这副图片,是用Phosotshop制作的。但是,在搜索引擎中你却无法搜索到它,搜索引擎还没有强大到能够识别图片里面的文字。并且由于图片的体积不算太小,可能网速慢的网友在浏览的时候不得不耐心的等待图片的刷新。那么,有没有一种新的方法可以避免这些缺点呢?
有的,HTML5和CSS3就可以满足你的需求。甚至,它可以做的更多,更好。作为一名设计师,我们应当了解它们是什么东西,有什么特性,从而进一步思考通过HTML5和CSS3我们能做些什么。
什么是HTML5和CSS3
HTML和CSS并不难理解。HTML为构成网页的主要语言。通过这种语言,我们可以向计算机说明网页格式、内容、显示效果等等。而CSS则是专门用来控制网页显示效果的语言。这时候问题出来了,为什么我们要单独使用CSS呢,HTML不是一样可以控制Web页面的显示效果么?为了回答这个问题,我举个简单的例子:
有没有发现如果一旦形容的事情过多,想要把事情描述清楚的时候,我们不得不重复大量的信息?页面语言也是一样,在这种情况下显得杂乱无章,非常难以理出头绪。通过将控制显示效果的语言集成到CSS里,我们不但可以保证页面语言主体部分的简洁,而且可以非常方便的复用各种语言集合。
HTML5和CSS3是HTML和CSS的最新版本,它们目前均未确定标准,但是已经公布的新特征已经让我们心动不已。
HTML 5的新特新
1. 新的内容标签
HTML4中的内容标签级别相同,无法区分各部分内容。而HTML5中的内容标签互相独立,级别不同,搜索引擎以及统计软件等均可快速识别各部分内容。
2. 更好的表格体系
现在,你可以抛弃JavaScript或者是PHP,只通过HTML5来定义表格。你可以定义每个表格单元的输入格式,也可以定义这个单元是否是必填的等等。
3. 音频、视频API
HTML5不但允许你在网页中直接整合视频、音频,同时更提供了一套功能丰富的API用来控制媒体播放,而这些用来控制媒体播放的元素也都是可以被编辑的。因此,HTML5在视频以及音频层面上实际已经可以替代常用的flash插件了。
4. 画布(Canvas) API
在网页中绘制图形一直是个大难题,我们不得不借助flash、silverlight等插件。然而HTML5允许你直接在网页上进行绘图,甚至允许你与网页生成更多的交互,例如绘制图形、放大缩小,等等。图例是一个用HTML5制作的小游戏。
5. 地理(Geolocation) API
HTML5提供了地理信息的应用接口Geolocation API。通过这个API,网页可以通过IP,GPS等方式来获得用户的地理信息;同时用户也可以选择是否关闭这个功能。
6. 网页存储(Web storage) API
HTML5提供了网页存储的API,方便Web应用的离线使用。除此之外,新的API相对于cookie也有着高安全性,高效率,更大空间等优点。
7. 拖拽释放(Drag and drop) API

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