PostMessage in html5 implements POST cross-domain issues in Ajax

HTML5 provides the function of receiving and sending information between web documents. Using this function, as long as the instance of the window object where the web page is located is obtained, not only web web pages of the same origin (domain + port number) can communicate with each other, but even cross-domain communication can be achieved.

Browser support: IE8+, firefox4+, chrome8+ opera10+

1. First of all, if you want to receive messages from other windows, you must monitor the message event of the window object, as follows:

window.addEventListener ("message", function(){},false);

2. Secondly, you need to use the postMessage method of the window object to send messages to other windows. The method is defined as follows:

otherWindow.postMessage(message, targetOrigin) ;

This method uses 2 parameters. The first parameter is the text of the message sent, but it can also be any javascript object. The second parameter is the url address of the object window that receives the message (for example: http:127.0.0.1 :8080/), but we can also use the wildcard "*" in the url address string to specify all domains, but we still recommend using a specific domain name, and otherWindow is the reference to the window object to be sent.

Demo:

If I bind 2 domain names under the hosts file now:

127.0.0.1 abc.example.com

127.0.0.1 longen.example.com

Now if it is in abc.example There is an abc.html page under the .com domain, and there is a def.html page under the longen.example.com domain. Now I hope that the pages under these two different domain names can communicate with each other. The abc.html code is as follows:

<form>  
      <p>  
        <label for="message" style="color:red;font-size:24px;">给iframe子窗口发一个信息：</label>  
        <input type="text" name="message" value="send" id="message" />  
        <input type="submit" value="submit" id="submit"/>  
      </p>  
</form>  
<h4 id="目标iframe传来的信息">目标iframe传来的信息：</h4>  
<p id="test">暂无信息</p> 
 <iframe id="iframe"  
    src="http://longen.example.com/webSocket/def.html" style="display:none"></iframe>

The JS code is as follows:

var win = document.getElementById("iframe").contentWindow;
document.getElementById("submit").onclick = function(e){
    e.preventDefault();
    win.postMessage(document.getElementById("message").value,"http://longen.example.com"); 
}  
window.addEventListener("message",function(e){
     e.preventDefault();
     document.getElementById("test").innerHTML = "从" + e.origin + "那里传过来的消息:\n" + e.data;
},false);

Def.html code is as follows:

HTML code:

<form>  
      <p>  
        <label for="message">给父窗口abc.html发个信息：</label>  
        <input type="text" name="message" value="send" id="message" />  
        <input type="submit" />  
      </p>  
 </form>  
 <p id="test2">暂无信息。</p>

The JS code is as follows:

var parentwin = window.parent; 
window.addEventListener("message",function(e){
       document.getElementById("test2").innerHTML = "从父窗口传来的域" +e.origin + "，和内容数据：" + e.data;  
       parentwin.postMessage(&#39;HI!你给我发了"<span>&#39;+e.data+&#39;"</span>。&#39;,"http://abc.example.com");
},false);

When I click on the abc.html page, I can see the effect as follows, and the content is returned from def.html . As follows:

We need to know the following information:

You can receive messages by monitoring the message event of the window object.

By accessing the origin attribute of the message event, you can get the sending source of the message.

By accessing the data attribute of the message event, you can obtain the message content.

Use the postMessage method to send messages.

By accessing the source attribute of the message event, you can obtain the window object of the message sending source (to be precise, it should be the proxy object of the window).

With the above basic knowledge points, we can extend it to the problem of implementing ajax POST cross-domain.

Two: Use postMessage knowledge points to solve POST cross-domain issues in ajax.

Principle: The principle is also very simple. If the abc.html page under our domain name abc.example.com needs to send an ajax request (cross-domain, the domain name is longen.example.com), then we should cross-page documents first The form is the same as above. We can now create a page under longen.example.com, for example, called def.html. Then we still embed a hidden domain iframe src path in the abc.html page and point to the def under the longen.example.com domain. ,html page. The process is still similar to cross-document, except that now you can write an ajax request in the window.onmessage event in the def.html page, as follows:

abc.example.com The abc.html page under abc.example.com is as follows:

html code and Same as above, the following is the JS code:

var win = document.getElementById("iframe").contentWindow;
document.getElementById("submit").onclick = function(e){
      e.preventDefault();
      win.postMessage(document.getElementById("message").value,"http://longen.example.com/"); 
}  
window.addEventListener("message",function(e){
    e.preventDefault();
    alert(typeof e.data)
    var json = JSON.parse(e.data);
     console.log(json);
    alert(json.url)
},false);

def.html code is as follows:

JS code is as follows:

//获取跨域数据  
window.onmessage = function(e){  
     $.ajax({
          url: 'http://longen.example.com/webSocket/test.php',
          type:'POST',
          dataType:'text',
          //data: {msg:e.data},
          success: function(res) {
               var parentwin = window.parent;  
               parentwin.postMessage(res,"http://abc.example.com");//跨域发送数据  
          }
      });
 };

test.php code is as follows:

<?php 
    $data=array(  
     url =>1,
      name =>&#39;2&#39;,
      &#39;xx-xx&#39;=>"xx"
 );
 echo json_encode($data);
?>

The above implementation method can achieve cross-domain ajax post.