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python中threading超线程用法实例分析

Jun 06, 2016 am 11:17 AM
python threading hyperthreading

本文实例讲述了python中threading超线程用法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:

threading基于Java的线程模型设计。锁(Lock)和条件变量(Condition)在Java中是对象的基本行为(每一个对象都自带了锁和条件变量),而在Python中则是独立的对象。Python Thread提供了Java Thread的行为的子集;没有优先级、线程组,线程也不能被停止、暂停、恢复、中断。Java Thread中的部分被Python实现了的静态方法在threading中以模块方法的形式提供。

threading 模块提供的常用方法:

threading.currentThread(): 返回当前的线程变量。
threading.enumerate(): 返回一个包含正在运行的线程的list。正在运行指线程启动后、结束前,不包括启动前和终止后的线程。
threading.activeCount(): 返回正在运行的线程数量,与len(threading.enumerate())有相同的结果。

threading模块提供的类:

Thread, Lock, Rlock, Condition, [Bounded]Semaphore, Event, Timer, local.

Thread是线程类,与Java类似,有两种使用方法,直接传入要运行的方法或从Thread继承并覆盖run():

# encoding: UTF-8
import threading
# 方法1:将要执行的方法作为参数传给Thread的构造方法
def func():
  print 'func() passed to Thread'
t = threading.Thread(target=func)
t.start()
# 方法2:从Thread继承,并重写run()
class MyThread(threading.Thread):
  def run(self):
    print 'MyThread extended from Thread'
t = MyThread()
t.start()
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构造方法:

Thread(group=None, target=None, name=None, args=(), kwargs={})
group: 线程组,目前还没有实现,库引用中提示必须是None;
target: 要执行的方法;
name: 线程名;
args/kwargs: 要传入方法的参数。

实例方法:

isAlive(): 返回线程是否在运行。正在运行指启动后、终止前。
get/setName(name): 获取/设置线程名。
is/setDaemon(bool): 获取/设置是否守护线程。初始值从创建该线程的线程继承。当没有非守护线程仍在运行时,程序将终止。
start(): 启动线程。
join([timeout]): 阻塞当前上下文环境的线程,直到调用此方法的线程终止或到达指定的timeout(可选参数)。

一个使用join()的例子:

# encoding: UTF-8
import threading
import time
def context(tJoin):
  print 'in threadContext.'
  tJoin.start()
  # 将阻塞tContext直到threadJoin终止。
  tJoin.join()
  # tJoin终止后继续执行。
  print 'out threadContext.'
def join():
  print 'in threadJoin.'
  time.sleep(1)
  print 'out threadJoin.'
tJoin = threading.Thread(target=join)
tContext = threading.Thread(target=context, args=(tJoin,))
tContext.start()
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运行结果:

in threadContext.
in threadJoin.
out threadJoin.
out threadContext.

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。

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