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Python编程之多态用法实例详解

Jun 06, 2016 am 11:16 AM
python

本文实例讲述了Python编程之多态用法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:

什么是多态?顾名思义,多态就是多种表现形态的意思。它是一种机制、一种能力,而非某个关键字。它在类的继承中得以实现,在类的方法调用中得以体现。多态意味着变量并不知道引用的对象是什么,根据引用对象的不同表现不同的行为方式。

我们先看一个简单的例子,运算符多态:

a=34
b=57
print(a+b)
a="世界"
b="你好"
print(a+b)

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我们不知道+法运算符左右两个变量是什么类型,当我们给的是int类型时,它就进行加法运算。当我们给的是字符串类型时,它就返回的是两个字符串拼接的结果。也就是根据变量类型的不同,表现不能的形态。

我们再来看一个例子,方法多态:

我们首先创建一个名为MyClass.py的文件,代码如下

__author__= 'MXi4oyu'
classPeople:
  def say(self):
    print("大家好!")
classStudent:
  def say(self):
    print("老师好!")

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我们再创建一个Main.py的文件,代码如下:

__author__= 'MXi4oyu'
fromrandom import choice
importMyClass
p1=MyClass.People()
stu1=MyClass.Student()
#通过choice方法我们可以随机选择列表中的某一项
obj=choice([p1,stu1]) 
print(type(obj))
obj.say()

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我们创建的临时对象obj是由随机函数取出来的,我们不知道它的具体类型,但是我们可以对它进行相同的操作。即让它调用say方法,然后根据其类型的不同,它所表现的行为不同。这就是多态。

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。

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