Home Web Front-end HTML Tutorial css水平居中的各种方法

css水平居中的各种方法

Jun 06, 2016 am 09:32 AM

说到水平居中,大家可能觉得很简单啊,text-align:center 就OK了。

但是,有时候会发现这样写了也没出效果。原因是什么呢?  请往下看。

水平居中:分为块级元素居中和行元素居中

 

行内元素:

行内元素就是内联元素。例如

直接构建一个具有 ”text-align:center“样式的容器,那么里面包含的行内元素就会都居中了。

 <span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">div </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">style</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="text-align:center;border-style:solid"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">p </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">style</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="border-style:solid"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>我是块级元素,我不居中<span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">p</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">span </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">style</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="border-style:solid"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>我是行内元素,我要居中<span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">span</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">div</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></span></span></span>
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效果如图:

有没有发现不对,块级元素怎么“看起来”也居中了?给

加上宽度后:

 <span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">div </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">style</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="text-align:center;border-style:solid"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">p </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">style</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="border-style:solid;width:500px"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>我是块级元素,我不居中<span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">p</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">span </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">style</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="border-style:solid"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>我是行内元素,我要居中<span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">span</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">div</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></span></span></span>
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效果如图:

原来只是里面的文本居中了!

 

 

那么下面看块级元素居中。大家都知道块级元素是可以设置height和width的,那么这就又

分为定宽与不定宽。

定宽:

定宽其实很好解决。直接margin:0 auto就可以实现容器居中,再加上text-align:center才可以让文本居中。

    <span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">p </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">style</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="border-style:solid;text-align:center;margin:0 auto;width:500px"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>我是定宽块级元素,我要居中<span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">p</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></span>
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效果如图:

 

不定宽:

不定宽其实是用的最多的,如这种导航栏:

因为导航栏中的内容是会变化的,所以宽度就不能定死了。要居中的话有三种方法,其中一种是利用table标签的特性,感觉适用性不是很好就不介绍了。

1、直接把元素改为行内元素,既display:inline,然后就可以用text-align:center了。但是这样width和height就不能设置了。

css:

<span style="color: #000000;">  .container{
    text-align:center;
}
.container ul{
    list-style:none;
    padding:0;
    display:inline;
}
.container li{
    margin-right:8px;
    border-style: solid;<br>    display:inline;
}</span>
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body:

<span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">div </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">class</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="container"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">ul</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">li</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">><span style="color: #800000;">a </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">href</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="#"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>1<span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">a</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #800000;">li</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">li</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">><span style="color: #800000;">a </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">href</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="#"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>2<span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">a</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #800000;">li</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
        <span style="color: #0000ff;"><span style="color: #800000;">li</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">><span style="color: #800000;">a </span><span style="color: #ff0000;">href</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">="#"</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>3<span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">a</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #800000;">li</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
    <span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">ul</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>
<span style="color: #0000ff;"></span><span style="color: #800000;">div</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
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效果下:

2、下面使用父级元素浮动和相对定位以及lelf:50%。子元素照样设置但left:-50%。

整改后的css代码:

<span style="color: #000000;">.container ul{
    list-style:none;
    float: left;
    position: relative;left: 50%;
    padding:0;
}
.container li{
    margin-right:8px;
    float: left;
    position: relative;left:-50%;
}</span>
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效果是一样的,就不贴图了。(首先,ul设置左浮动是为了 使得ul的宽度不是100%,而是 几个li宽度的总和。 之后ul相对定位 使用left把ul移动到剧中位置。因为相对定位是以原来的位置为原点的,所以先整体移动中间,这样子元素的左边是中心线,那么只要left:-50% 或者right:50%就居中了)

关于浮动可以参考这篇文章:http://www.th7.cn/web/html-css/201401/17089.shtml

 

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