What is the scope of C++ static functions?

The scope of a static function is different from that of a non-static member function. It can call and access member variables and non-member variables without an object: 1. Only member variables declared with static can be accessed; 2. Global variables can be accessed variables or variables in other namespaces.

C Scope of static functions

The scope of static functions is different from that of non-static member functions. It can access both member and non-member variables, and can be called without an object.

Access to member variables

Only member variables declared with the static keyword can be accessed in static functions. By default, member variables are non-static and cannot be accessed within static functions.

Access to non-member variables

Static functions can also access global variables or variables in other namespaces.

Example

The following is an example class with static functions:

class Example {
public:
    static int x;  // 静态成员变量

    static void print_x() {
        std::cout << x << std::endl;
    }
};

int Example::x = 10;  // 静态成员变量的定义

int main() {
    Example::print_x();  // 可以直接调用静态函数

    return 0;
}

In this example, print_x() Can be called without creating any Example object. The function accesses the static member variable x and prints its value.

Advantages

Static functions have the following advantages:

• They can be used in class-level utility functions without creating objects.
• They can provide global scope without using global variables.
• They allow access to static member variables and are used to store class-level information.

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