Improper PHP password verification mechanism: How to avoid the risk of incorrect password login?

Improper PHP password verification mechanism: How to avoid the risk of incorrect password login?

In Web development, the security of user passwords has always been an extremely important issue. When using PHP to develop web applications, how to avoid the risk of logging in with incorrect passwords has become a key concern for developers. This article will introduce how to strengthen users' password security through a correct password verification mechanism and avoid the risk of incorrect password login.

1. Use password hash storage

When storing user passwords, they must not be stored in clear text in the database. This will greatly increase the risk of password leakage. The correct approach is to use password hash storage, that is, hash the password entered by the user and then store it in the database. PHP has built-in password_hash() and password_verify() functions to implement password hash storage and verification.

Code example:

// 注册时密码哈希存储
$password = 'user_password'; // 用户输入的密码
$hashed_password = password_hash($password, PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
// 将$hashed_password存储到数据库中

// 登录时密码验证
$input_password = 'user_input_password'; // 用户登录时输入的密码
$stored_hashed_password = 'hashed_password_from_db'; // 从数据库中获取的存储的哈希密码
if(password_verify($input_password, $stored_hashed_password)) {
    // 密码验证通过
    // 进行登录操作
} else {
    // 密码验证失败
}

In the code example, the password_hash() function is used to hash the password entered by the user, password_verify() Function is used to verify whether the password entered by the user when logging in matches the stored hashed password.

2. Set password strength requirements

In order to improve password security, you can set password strength requirements during registration, such as uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers and special characters, as well as password length requirements. wait. Password strength verification can be implemented in PHP through regular expressions.

Code example:

// 密码强度验证
$password = 'user_password'; // 用户输入的密码
if(preg_match('/^(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*d)(?=.*[$@$!%*?&])[A-Za-zd$@$!%*?&]{8,}$/', $password)) {
    // 密码符合要求
} else {
    // 密码不符合要求
}

In the code example, the strength requirements of the password are defined through regular expressions, including that it must contain uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers and special characters, and the password length is at least 8 Bit.

3. Use verification code to verify login

In order to prevent brute force password cracking attacks, you can use verification code verification when logging in to increase the limit on the number and frequency of logins. Verification through verification codes can reduce the risk of malicious login and improve system security.

Code example:

// 生成验证码
$random_code = mt_rand(1000, 9999);
$_SESSION['captcha_code'] = $random_code;

// 显示验证码
<img  src="/static/imghw/default1.png"  data-src="captcha.php"  class="lazy" / alt="Improper PHP password verification mechanism: How to avoid the risk of incorrect password login?" >

// 验证验证码
$input_code = $_POST['captcha_code'];
if($input_code == $_SESSION['captcha_code']) {
    // 验证码验证通过
} else {
    // 验证码验证失败
}

In the code example, a random verification code is generated and stored in the Session, and the user enters the verification code for verification when logging in.

Through the above measures, the security of user passwords can be effectively strengthened and the risk of logging in with wrong passwords can be avoided. In web development, protecting user password security is crucial, and developers should always pay attention to and optimize password verification mechanisms to ensure the security of user data.

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