MySql修改数据库编码为UTF8_MySQL
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MySql修改数据库编码为UTF8
mysql 创建 数据库时指定编码很重要,很多开发者都使用了默认编码,乱码问题可是防不胜防。制定数据库的编码可以很大程度上避免倒入导出带来的乱码问题。
网页数据一般采用UTF8编码,而数据库默认为latin 。我们可以通过修改数据库默认编码方式为UTF8来减少数据库创建时的设置,也能最大限度的避免因粗心造成的乱码问题。
我们遵循的标准是,数据库,表,字段和页面或文本的编码要统一起来
我们可以通过命令查看数据库当前编码:
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
发现很多对应的都是 latin1,我们的目标就是在下次使用此命令时latin1能被UTF8取代。
第一阶段:
mysql设置编码命令
[sql]
SET character_set_client = utf8;
SET character_set_connection = utf8;
SET character_set_database = utf8;
SET character_set_results = utf8;
SET character_set_server = utf8;
然后 mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%'; 你可以看到全变为 utf8 。
但是,这只是一种假象
此种方式只在当前状态下有效,当重启数据库服务后失效。
所以如果想要不出现乱码只有修改my.ini文件,
从my.ini下手(标签下没有的添加,有的修改)
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
default-character-set=utf8
以上3个section都要加default-character-set=utf8,平时我们可能只加了mysqld一项。
然后重启mysql,执行
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
确保所有的Value项都是utf8即可。
但是可恶的事情又来了,
|character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8
注意 该配置| character_set_server | latin1 无法设置成UTF8 交互时候仍然会出现乱码。
第二阶段:找到下面这东东
X:/%path%/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.0/bin/MySQLInstanceConfig.exe
重新启动设置,将默认编码设置为utf8.这样就能达到我们所要的效果了。
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.0/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set
另外注意事项:
1、建表时加utf8,表字段的Collation可加可不加,不加时默认是utf8_general_ci了。
[sql]
CREATE TABLE `tablename4` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`varchar1` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`varbinary1` varbinary(255) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
2、网页xxx.php/jsp保存时选择utf8编码,页头最好加上
header('conten-type:text/html;charset=utf-8');
在执行CRUD操作前先执行一下
mysql_query("set names utf8");
-------------------------
连接数据库设置编码
jdbc:mysql://地址:3306/数据库名?characterEncoding=utf8
-------------------------
java中的常用编码UTF-8;GBK;GB2312;ISO-8859-1;
对应mysql数据库中的编码utf8;gbk;gb2312;latin1
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