Home Database Mysql Tutorial mysql学习小札(2)-- 数据备份、还原、导入导出方法的简单总结_MySQL

mysql学习小札(2)-- 数据备份、还原、导入导出方法的简单总结_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:08 PM

一、数据的备份    1.mysqldump         mysqldump -u user -h host -p dbname [tablename, [tablename...]] > filename.sql         ■ 备份数据库中所有的表 → mysqldump -u root -p dbname > backup.sql         ■ 备份数据库中某个表 → mysqldump -u root -p dbname tblname > backup.sql         ■ 备份多个数据库 → mysqldump -u root -p --databases db1 db2 > backup.sql         ■ 备份系统中所有的数据库 → mysqldump -u root -p --all-databases > backup.sql         注: 如果在服务器上,且表均为MYISAM表,应考虑使用mysqlhotcopy ☆☆☆
二、数据的还原    1.mysql          ■ mysql -u user -p [dbname]
三、表的导出    1.mysqldump → shell下         mysqldump -T path -u root -p dabname [tables] [opt]         ■ 只有制定了-T才能到处纯文本文件,path表述导出数据的目录         ■ opt选项(同下类似)              --fields-terminated-by=value              --fields-enclosed-by=value
              --fields-optionally-enclosed-by=value              --fields-escaped-by=value              --line-terminated-by=value
              注:value无需用‘’括起来
    2.SELECT...INTO OUTFILE → 登陆mysql后     SELECT columunlist FROM tbl WHERE condition INTO OUTFILE 'filename' [OPT]          ■ opt选项: FILEDS TERMINATED BY 'value' → 字段之间分隔符为value                           FILEDS [OPTIONALLY] ENCLOSED BY 'value' → 字段包围字符为value                           FILEDS ESCAPED BY 'value' → 设置转义字符为value                           LINES STARTING BY 'value' → 设置每行开头字符为value                           LINES TERMINATED BY 'value' → 设置每行结尾字符为value                 注:通过opt可调整导出的filename中数据显示的样式,很有用! ☆☆☆☆☆
    3.mysql命令 → shell下         mysql -u root -p --execute="SELECT 语句" dbname > filename.txt         ■ mysql -u root -p --execute="SELECT * FROM tbl;" db > output.txt         ■ mysql -u root -p --vertical --execute="SELECT ..." > ... → 将每行记录分多行显示         ■ mysql -u root -p --html --execute="..." db > ... → 导出到html文件(或用--xml)
四、表的导入     1.LOAD DATA INFILE           LOAD DATA INFILE ‘filename.txt’ INTO TABLE tbl [OPT] [IGNORE number LINES]          ■ OPT选项 → 同 SELECT ... INTO OUTFILE 一致          ■ IGNORE number LINES → 忽略filename.txt的前number行
    2.mysqlimport           mysqlimport -u root -p daname filename.txt [OPT]           ■ OPT选项 → 同mysqldump,但了一个--ignore-lines=n ,当然还有很多其他的                            

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