Mysql执行计划-Extra列_MySQL
using index:
中文名叫做索引覆盖查询: 如果查询的时候,用到了索引,并且你最终需要的数据也是这个索引的一部分,那么就出现using index.
例如:
user表有索引 key(id), key(name)
select id from user;
select name from user;
select id from user where id而select id,name from user where id
组合索引key(id,name)
select id,name from user where id>9也可以有using where:
会根据查询条件过滤出结果集
using file sort 以及using temporary:
这2个是最容易让人迷惑的,很多人都可能会把其表达的意思扩展理解了,其实他表达的内容很有限。
using file sort:
表示排序的时候,没有用上索引,不得不采取其他的方式排序。 这里的其他方式有在内存排,在临时文件排,采用双路排序法,或者是采用整行排序等,而using file sort并没有说是其他哪些排序方法。
using temporary:
表示用到了一张临时表,至于这临时表在内存里面,还是在磁盘里面都不明。
出现这个两个步骤的情况非常多,这里只列几个吧:
order by 的第一列不是执行计划中的第一个表的索引上
order by 有多列,不在同一table上的索引
order by 的列,有升序,降序,不一致
using temporary:
在group by的时候,如果,被group by的列不在索引上,那么就需要临时表来进行group,另外如果没有order by null,也许会要file sort进行排序。
在order by的时候,如果被排序的列,分布在多余一个表上

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