mysql慢查询使用详解_MySQL
1 慢查询定义
指mysql记录所有执行超过long_query_time参数设定的时间阈值的SQL语句。慢查询日志就是记录这些sql的日志。
2 开启慢查询日志
找到mysql配置文件my.cnf.在mysqld的下面添加
代码如下:
log-slow-queries = D:/MySQL/log/mysqld-slow-query.log #日志存在的位置。(注意权限的问题,可以不用设置,系统会给一个缺省的文件host_name-slow.log)
long-query-time = 5 #SQL执行时间阈值,默认为10秒。
#log-long-format #说log-long-format选项是用来设置日志的格式,它是以扩展方式记录有关事件。扩展方式可记录谁发出查询和什么时候发出查询的信息。可使我们更好地掌握客户端的操作情况。
#log-slow-admin-statements #将慢管理语句例如OPTIMIZE TABLE、ANALYZE TABLE和ALTER TABLE记入慢查询日志。
log-queries-not-using-indexes #如果运行的SQL语句没有使用索引,则mysql数据库同样会将这条SQL语句记录到慢查询日志文件中。
配置完毕后重启mysql服务。
3 测试
为了方便 我只在my.cnf中配置了慢查询日志的路径.
mysql 版本为 5.1.73
关于 long_query_time :从mysql 5.1开始,long_query_time开始以微秒记录SQL语句运行时间,之前仅用秒为单位记录。这样可以更精确地记录SQL的运行时间,供DBA分析。
进入mysql.
代码如下:
mysql> show VARIABLES like "%slow%"; #查看慢查询日志相关的信息
mysql> set global long_query_time=0.01; #将mysql位置的值改为 0.01
mysql> show variables like "long_query_time"; #查看是否生效
mysql> select sleep(2); #延迟2秒执行 注:这条sql执行完毕以后应该已经在慢查询的日志文件中产生相关的信息记录
mysql> show global status like '%slow%'; #查看慢查询语句的次数
在日志文件中可以看到已经记录了sql.
总结:
Windows下开启MySQL慢查询
MySQL在Windows系统中的配置文件一般是是my.ini找到[mysqld]下面加上
log-slow-queries = F:\MySQL\log\mysqlslowquery.log
long_query_time = 2
Linux下启用MySQL慢查询
MySQL在Windows系统中的配置文件一般是是my.cnf找到[mysqld]下面加上
log-slow-queries=/data/mysqldata/slowquery.log
long_query_time=2
注意
log-slow-queries = F:\MySQL\log\mysqlslowquery.log为慢查询日志存放的位置,一般这个目录要有MySQL的运行帐号的可写权限,一般都将这个目录设置为MySQL的数据存放目录;
long_query_time=2中的2表示查询超过两秒才记录;

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