How to use the ORM function of ThinkPHP6

ThinkPHP6 is a high-performance, simple and easy-to-use PHP development framework that adopts a new architectural design and ORM functions. This ORM functionality can help you easily manage and operate databases in your application, and enable faster development and changes through simple code. In this article, we will learn how to use ThinkPHP6’s ORM features to better build and maintain applications.

1. Configuring the database connection

First, we need to set the database connection in the configuration file. In the default configuration file of ThinkPHP6, the database configuration is saved in the config/database.php file.

// config/database.php
return [
    'type'            => 'mysql',
    'hostname'        => 'localhost',
    'database'        => 'testdb',
    'username'        => 'root',
    'password'        => '',
    'hostport'        => '',
    // 其他配置参数
];

In this configuration file, we can set the parameters required for the connection. In this example, the MySQL database is used and necessary parameters such as user name and password are set.

2. Create model class

The model class is the core class for managing and operating data. We need to create a new model class to use the ORM function. In ThinkPHP6, you can create a model class by running the command as follows:

php think make:model User

Running the above command creates a model class named "User". You can also create a model class with template and validator functionality using the "-m" and "-r" options when running the command. These functions can be used to generate automatically generated code such as forms and form validators.

php think make:model User -m -r

3. Define the model

Next, we can define the properties and methods corresponding to the database table in the model class. In the following example, we define a model class corresponding to the "users" table.

// app/model/User.php
namespace appmodel;

use thinkModel;

class User extends Model
{
    // 数据表主键
    protected $pk = 'id';
    // 数据表名（不含前缀）
    protected $name = 'users';
    // 开启时间戳记录
    protected $autoWriteTimestamp = true;
    // 定义非数据库字段
    protected $field = ['full_name', 'email'];
    // 远程一对多关联
    public function jobs()
    {
        return $this->hasManyThrough('Job', 'Department');
    }
}

In the above code, we define the basic attributes of the model class, such as primary key, table name and timestamp record, etc. We can also define non-database fields for use in the model. Finally, we define a remote one-to-many association method that establishes a new remote one-to-many association between "jobs" and "users".

4. Querying Data

Once we have defined the model, we can use it to query data. The following are some commonly used query methods in ThinkPHP6.

• Query a single record

$user = User::find(1);

The above code will query the user record with ID 1.

• Query multiple records

$users = User::select([1, 2, 3]);

The above code queries user records with IDs 1, 2 and 3.

$users = User::where('name', 'like', 'Tom%')->order('name', 'desc')->limit(10)->select();

The above code queries user records whose names start with "Tom", sorts them in descending order by name and limits the number of returned records to 10.

• Query Statistics

$count = User::count();

The above code will return the count in the "users" table.

$sum = User::where('age', '>=', 18)->sum('score');

The above code will return the sum of the scores of users whose age is greater than or equal to 18 years old.

5. Updating and inserting data

To update and insert data, we can use the properties and methods of the model instance.

• Update record

$user = User::find(1);
$user->name = 'John Doe';
$user->save();

The above code will update the name of the user with ID 1 to "John Doe".

• Insert record

$newUser = new User;
$newUser->name = 'Jane Doe';
$newUser->email = 'jane@example.com';
$newUser->save();

The above code will create a new user record.

6. Deleting data

Deleting records using model classes is very simple. We can call the "delete()" method of the model to delete the record.

$user = User::find(1);
$user->delete();

The above code will delete the user record with ID 1.

Summary

ORM is a technology that facilitates the management and operation of databases. ThinkPHP6's ORM functionality makes this task easier for developers. By configuring database connections, creating model classes, querying data, updating and inserting data, and deleting data, we can develop and maintain applications faster and more conveniently.

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