Best security configuration and parameter verification practices in PHP API development

As people's demand for Internet resources continues to increase, more and more companies are beginning to open their businesses to the outside world and accept the use and calls of third parties. At this time, the API interface becomes the bridge between the internal system and external users. Therefore, ensuring security is particularly important during the development process of APIs. In PHP API development, the best security configuration and parameter verification practices are the best guarantee to ensure interface security.

1. Understanding API security issues

The implementation idea of ​​API is fundamentally an "open" design. So the question is, how can we ensure the security of the system while making the API design open? We can mainly consider the following three points:

1. Permission control: Users using the API must be authenticated and authorized to ensure that only legitimate users can access.
2. Parameter verification: The parameters submitted by users to the API need to be verified to determine whether these parameters are legal. The verification process can verify parameters to ensure their trustworthiness and correctness.
3. Data encryption: For particularly sensitive data, encryption is required before transmission. This is usually implemented using HTTPS.

2. Correct security configuration

1. Enable PHP security mode

PHP has a built-in security mode (security mode is PHP 5.2 .2, which has been deprecated), prevents hackers from attacking the server by uploading scripts, etc. The settings included in the safe mode include: prohibiting calling exec, system, popen, passthru, shell_exec and other functions, prohibiting modification of the PHP_INI_USER variable, etc.

However, in order to improve server efficiency, many production servers have turned off PHP safe mode. At this time, other methods can be used to protect system security.

2. Reject unknown file types

The suggestion can be explained through a small example: for example, we must ensure that only file types that are allowed to be uploaded can pass, and other file types need to be rejected Upload. This usually uses MIME headers to check the file type.

3. Do not allow external calls

Do not allow external calls to certain sensitive APIs or SDKs. The solution is:

In /etc/apache2/apache2 .conf Add the following content

 Order deny,allow    
 Deny from all    
 </Directory>

4. Prohibit remote files from containing

Make sure the remote file inclusion (RFI) feature is not turned on. This feature allows users to dynamically include files through URLs, which poses a very serious security vulnerability.

3. Parameter verification

1. String length: In order to limit the input length, it needs to be specially determined after the form or user inputs data. You can use the strlen() function. If the character length exceeds the limit, we should give a prompt.
2. Content type: In some cases it is necessary to limit the content type of uploaded files. The caveat here is not to just check the filename suffix, as it is possible for the file type to defeat this check by forging a suffix.
3. Email format: In the API that needs to verify the input email address, remember to use the "filter_var" function to verify whether the email format is correct. If the format is incorrect, an error message should be given.

4. Data Encryption

1. Set HTTPS for the whole site

It is recommended to configure HTTPS for the whole site encryption. This solution can ensure the encryption of data. transmission. HTTPS can avoid man-in-the-middle attacks by hackers, thus ensuring the security of data transmission.

2. Configure HTTPS header

In addition to enabling HTTPS in environments such as Apache and Nginx, we can also apply websockets in our own PHP code to encrypt the transmitted data. .

In short, API security configuration is not only a variety of technical details, but also includes a large amount of data processing, structural design, data modeling, etc. Only by ensuring the integrity of the API and system security on these basis can a flexible, convenient, and safe API design be achieved.

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