javascript 浏览器兼容性总结
1. children与childNodes
IE提供的children、childNodes和firefox下的childNodes的行为是有区别的,firefox下childNodes会把换行和空白字符都算作父节点的子节点,而IE的childNodes和children不会。比如:
<code class="html"><div id="dd"> <div>yizhu2000</div> </div></code>
d为dd的div在IE下用childNodes查看,其子节点数为1,而ff下为三,我们可以从firefox的dom查看器里面看到他的childNodes为["\n ", div, "\n"]。
要在firefox下模拟children的属性我们可以这样做:
<code class="javascript">if (typeof(HTMLElement) != "undefined" && !window.opera) { HTMLElement.prototype.__defineGetter__("children", function() { for (var a = [], j = 0, n, i = 0; i </code>
2. firefox和ie的事件
window.event只能在IE下使用,而不能用在Firefox下,这是因为Firefox的event只能在事件发生的现场使用。 Firefox必须从源处加入event作参数传递。IE忽略该参数,用window.event来读取该event。
比方说下面这个在ie下获得鼠标位置的方法:
<code class="html"><button onclick="onClick()">获得鼠标点击横坐标</button> <script type="text/javascript"> function onclick(){ alert(event.clientX); } </script> </code>
需要改成
<code class="html"><button onclick="onClick(event)">获得OuterHTML</button> <script type="text/javascript"> function onclick(event){ event = event || window.event; alert(event.clientX); } </script></code>
才能在两种浏览器下使用
3.HTML对象获取问题
FireFox获取方式document.getElementById("idName")
ie使用document.idname或者document.getElementById("idName")
解决办法:统一使用document.getElementById("idName");
4. const问题
在Firefox下,可以使用const关键字或var关键字来定义常量;
IE下,只能使用var关键字来定义常量;
解决方法:统一使用var关键字来定义常量。
5.frame问题
以下面的frame为例:
<code class="html"><frame src="xxx.html" id="frameId" name="frameName"></code>
a)访问frame对象
IE:使用window.frameId或者window.frameName来访问这个frame对象,frameId和frameName可以同名;
Firefox:只能使用window.frameName来访问这个frame对象;
另外,在IE和Firefox中都可以使用window.document.getElementById("frameId")来访问这个frame对象;
b) 切换frame内容
在 IE和Firefox中都可以使用
<code class="javascript">window.document.getElementById("testFrame").src = "xxx.html"或window.frameName.location = "xxx.html"</code>
来切换frame的内容;
如果需要将frame中的参数传回父窗口(注意不是opener,而是parent),可以在frame中使用parent来访问父窗口。例如:
<code class="javascript">parent.document.form1.filename.value="Aqing";</code>
6. body问题
Firefox的body在body标签没有被浏览器完全读入之前就存在;而IE的body则必须在body标签被浏览器完全读入之后才存在;
7. firefox与IE的父元素(parentElement)的区别
IE:obj.parentElement
firefox:obj.parentNode
解决方法:因为firefox与IE都支持DOM,因此全部使用obj.parentNode
8.innerText的问题
innerText在IE中能正常工作,但是innerText在FireFox中却不行,需用textContent;
解决方法:
<code class="javascript">if (navigator.appName.indexOf("Explorer") > -1) { document.getElementById('element').innerText = "my text"; } else { document.getElementById('element').textContent = "my text"; } </code>
9.AJAX获取XMLHTTP的区别
<code class="javascript">var xmlhttp; if (window.XMLHttpRequest) { xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); } elseif (window.ActiveXObject) { // IE的获取方式 xmlhttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); }</code>
注意:在IE中,xmlhttp.send(content)方法的content可以为空,而firefox则不能为null,应该用send(""),否则会出现411错误。

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