mysql 5.6 source code installation

MySQL is a very popular relational database management system that is widely used in various applications and websites. Although MySQL can be installed on various operating systems using binary installation packages, the source code installation of MySQL can be customized and configured as needed, and is also a necessary skill for Linux system administrators. This article will introduce how to install MySQL 5.6 on CentOS 7 using source code.

1. Preparation

Before starting to install MySQL 5.6, we need to make some preparations. First, make sure your system is up to date:

sudo yum update

Install the tools needed to compile MySQL:

sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools"
sudo yum install cmake ncurses-devel bison

2. Download the MySQL 5.6 source code

From MySQL Download the source code of MySQL 5.6 from the official website (https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html). Select the file in .tar.gz format to download and save to your preferred location.

3. Extract the source code

Open the directory in the terminal and run the following command to decompress the file (the file name may be different here):

tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.50.tar.gz

Enter the decompressed mysql-5.6.50 directory:

cd mysql-5.6.50

4. Configure MySQL 5.6

Run the following command to configure:

cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql 
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data 
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc 
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 
-DWITH_READLINE=1 
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all 
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci 
-DWITH_SSL=yes

These parameters The meaning is as follows:

• CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX: The directory where MySQL will be installed.
• MYSQL_DATADIR: The storage directory for MySQL data files.
• SYSCONFDIR: The storage directory for MySQL configuration files.
• WITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE: Enable InnoDB storage engine.
• WITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE: Enable the MyISAM storage engine.
• WITH_READLINE: Enable command line editing function.
• ENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE: Enable local file import function.
• WITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS: Enable all character sets.
• DEFAULT_CHARSET: Default character set.
• DEFAULT_COLLATION: Default collation.
• WITH_SSL: Enable SSL support.

After the configuration is completed, you can check whether CMake successfully generated a suitable Makefile.

5. Compile and install MySQL 5.6

Use the following commands to compile and install:

make
sudo make install

These commands will compile the MySQL 5.6 source code into an executable file, and install them into the /usr/local/mysql directory.

6. Initialize MYSQL

After installing MySQL, use the following command to initialize MySQL:

sudo /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql 
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

This command will create the necessary files and folder, ready to start the MySQL service.

7. Running MySQL 5.6

The MySQL service can now be started. Use the following command to start MySQL:

sudo /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

This command starts MySQL and runs in the background. It also ensures that MySQL automatically restarts in the event of an unexpected shutdown.

8. Configuring MySQL 5.6

After completing the source code installation of MySQL, we need to modify the MySQL default configuration to better meet our needs. We need to modify the following options in the MySQL configuration file:

• bind-address: The bound IP address or host name.
• port: The port used by the MySQL service.
• max_connections: The maximum number of connections allowed.
• query_cache_size: Query cache size.
• innodb_buffer_pool_size: The size of the InnoDB buffer pool.

Open the MySQL configuration file my.cnf:

sudo vi /etc/my.cnf

In this file, find the options that need to be modified and make changes. For example, to change the port number to 3307, you can add the following line:

[mysqld]
port=3307

You can add other options like this:

[mysqld]
port=3307
bind-address=0.0.0.0
max_connections=200
query_cache_size=128M
innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M

After modifying the MySQL configuration file, remember to restart the MySQL service.

9. Log in to MySQL 5.6

Use the following command to log in to MySQL:

mysql -u root -p

This command will prompt you for your password. After entering the password for the MySQL root account, you will enter the MySQL shell prompt. MySQL 5.6 has now been successfully installed and is ready to be used.

Conclusion

This article introduces the detailed steps to install MySQL on CentOS 7 using MySQL 5.6 source code. A source installation gives you more configuration options for MySQL and allows you to customize it if needed. Source code installation is also a basic skill for Linux system administrators. Follow the steps in this article, and always remember to back up your data before operating on MySQL.

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