Home Database Mysql Tutorial Mysql效率优化定位较低sql的两种方式_MySQL

Mysql效率优化定位较低sql的两种方式_MySQL

May 30, 2016 pm 05:10 PM

关于mysql效率优化一般通过以下两种方式定位执行效率较低的sql语句。

通过慢查询日志定位那些执行效率较低的 SQL 语句,用 --log-slow-queries[=file_name] 选项启动时, mysqld 会 写一个包含所有执行时间超过 long_query_time 秒的 SQL 语句的日志文件,通过查看这个日志文件定位效率较低的 SQL 。

慢查询日志在查询结束以后才纪录,所以在应用反映执行效率出现问题的时候查询慢查询日志并不能定位问题,可以使用 show processlist 命令查看当前 MySQL 在进行的线程,包括线程的状态、是否锁表等,可以实时地查看 SQL 的 执行情况,同时对一些锁表操作进行优化。

下面我们举例说明一下,如何通过慢查询日志定位执行效率底的 SQL 语句:

开启慢查询日志 , 配置样例:

log-slow-queries

在 my.cnf 配置文件中增加上述配置项并重启 mysql 服务,这时 mysql 慢查询功能生效。慢查询 日志将写入参数 DATADIR (数据目录)指定的路径下,默认文件名是 host_name-slow.log 。

和错误日志、查询日志一样,慢查询日志记录的格式也是纯文本,可以被直接读取。下例中演示了慢查询日志的设置和读取过程。

( 1 )首先查询一下 long_query_time 的值 。

mysql> show variables like 'long%';
+-----------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------+-------+
| long_query_time | 10 |
+-----------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Copy after login

( 2 )为了方便测试,将修改慢查询时间为 5 秒。

mysql> set long_query_time=5;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

( 3 )依次执行下面两个查询语句。

第一个查询因为查询时间低于 5 秒而不会出现在慢查询日志中:

mysql> select count(*) from order2008;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 208 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Copy after login

第二个查询因为查询时间大于 5 秒而应该出现在慢查询日志中:

mysql> select count(*) from t_user;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 6552961 |
+----------+
1 row in set (11.07 sec)
Copy after login

( 4 )查看慢查询日志。

[root@localhost mysql]# more localhost-slow.log
# Time: 081026 19:46:34
# User@Host: root[root] @ localhost []
# Query_time: 11 Lock_time: 0 Rows_sent: 1 Rows_examined: 6552961
select count(*) from t_user;
Copy after login

从上面日志中,可以发现查询时间超过 5 秒的 SQL ,而小于 5 秒的则没有出现在此日志中。
如果慢查询日志中记录内容很多,可以使用 mysqldumpslow 工具( MySQL 客户端安装自带)来对慢查询日志进行分类汇总。下例中对日志文件 mysql_master-slow.log 进行了分类汇总,只显示汇总后摘要结果:

[root@mysql_master mysql_data]# mysqldumpslow mysql_master-slow.log
Reading mysql slow query log from mysql_master-slow.log
Count: 2 Time=11.00s (22s) Lock=0.00s (0s) Rows=1.0 (2), root[root]@mysql_master
select count(N) from t_user;
Copy after login

对于 SQL 文本完全一致,只是变量不同的语句, mysqldumpslow 将会自动视为同一个语句进行统计,变量值用 N 来代替。这个统计结果将大大增加用户阅读慢查询日志的效率,并迅速定位系统的 SQL 瓶颈。

注意:慢查询日志对于我们发现应用中有性能问题的 SQL 很有帮助,建议正常情况下,打开此日志并经常查看分析。

以上是给大家介绍的Mysql效率优化定位较低sql的两种方式 ,希望以上所述对大家有所帮助。

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Java Tutorial
1655
14
PHP Tutorial
1255
29
C# Tutorial
1228
24
When might a full table scan be faster than using an index in MySQL? When might a full table scan be faster than using an index in MySQL? Apr 09, 2025 am 12:05 AM

Full table scanning may be faster in MySQL than using indexes. Specific cases include: 1) the data volume is small; 2) when the query returns a large amount of data; 3) when the index column is not highly selective; 4) when the complex query. By analyzing query plans, optimizing indexes, avoiding over-index and regularly maintaining tables, you can make the best choices in practical applications.

Can I install mysql on Windows 7 Can I install mysql on Windows 7 Apr 08, 2025 pm 03:21 PM

Yes, MySQL can be installed on Windows 7, and although Microsoft has stopped supporting Windows 7, MySQL is still compatible with it. However, the following points should be noted during the installation process: Download the MySQL installer for Windows. Select the appropriate version of MySQL (community or enterprise). Select the appropriate installation directory and character set during the installation process. Set the root user password and keep it properly. Connect to the database for testing. Note the compatibility and security issues on Windows 7, and it is recommended to upgrade to a supported operating system.

MySQL: Simple Concepts for Easy Learning MySQL: Simple Concepts for Easy Learning Apr 10, 2025 am 09:29 AM

MySQL is an open source relational database management system. 1) Create database and tables: Use the CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE commands. 2) Basic operations: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and SELECT. 3) Advanced operations: JOIN, subquery and transaction processing. 4) Debugging skills: Check syntax, data type and permissions. 5) Optimization suggestions: Use indexes, avoid SELECT* and use transactions.

Can mysql and mariadb coexist Can mysql and mariadb coexist Apr 08, 2025 pm 02:27 PM

MySQL and MariaDB can coexist, but need to be configured with caution. The key is to allocate different port numbers and data directories to each database, and adjust parameters such as memory allocation and cache size. Connection pooling, application configuration, and version differences also need to be considered and need to be carefully tested and planned to avoid pitfalls. Running two databases simultaneously can cause performance problems in situations where resources are limited.

RDS MySQL integration with Redshift zero ETL RDS MySQL integration with Redshift zero ETL Apr 08, 2025 pm 07:06 PM

Data Integration Simplification: AmazonRDSMySQL and Redshift's zero ETL integration Efficient data integration is at the heart of a data-driven organization. Traditional ETL (extract, convert, load) processes are complex and time-consuming, especially when integrating databases (such as AmazonRDSMySQL) with data warehouses (such as Redshift). However, AWS provides zero ETL integration solutions that have completely changed this situation, providing a simplified, near-real-time solution for data migration from RDSMySQL to Redshift. This article will dive into RDSMySQL zero ETL integration with Redshift, explaining how it works and the advantages it brings to data engineers and developers.

The relationship between mysql user and database The relationship between mysql user and database Apr 08, 2025 pm 07:15 PM

In MySQL database, the relationship between the user and the database is defined by permissions and tables. The user has a username and password to access the database. Permissions are granted through the GRANT command, while the table is created by the CREATE TABLE command. To establish a relationship between a user and a database, you need to create a database, create a user, and then grant permissions.

Laravel Eloquent ORM in Bangla partial model search) Laravel Eloquent ORM in Bangla partial model search) Apr 08, 2025 pm 02:06 PM

LaravelEloquent Model Retrieval: Easily obtaining database data EloquentORM provides a concise and easy-to-understand way to operate the database. This article will introduce various Eloquent model search techniques in detail to help you obtain data from the database efficiently. 1. Get all records. Use the all() method to get all records in the database table: useApp\Models\Post;$posts=Post::all(); This will return a collection. You can access data using foreach loop or other collection methods: foreach($postsas$post){echo$post->

MySQL: The Ease of Data Management for Beginners MySQL: The Ease of Data Management for Beginners Apr 09, 2025 am 12:07 AM

MySQL is suitable for beginners because it is simple to install, powerful and easy to manage data. 1. Simple installation and configuration, suitable for a variety of operating systems. 2. Support basic operations such as creating databases and tables, inserting, querying, updating and deleting data. 3. Provide advanced functions such as JOIN operations and subqueries. 4. Performance can be improved through indexing, query optimization and table partitioning. 5. Support backup, recovery and security measures to ensure data security and consistency.

See all articles