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What does string mean in java

Mar 01, 2023 pm 07:11 PM
java string

在java中,string是字符串的意思,是一种类类型(class type),它代表了一串字符序列;Java没有内置的字符串类型,而是在标准Java类库中提供了一个String类来创建和操作字符串。在Java中定义一个字符串最简单的方法是用双引号把它包围起来;也可以通过创建String类的实例来定义字符串。

What does string mean in java

本教程操作环境:windows7系统、java8版、DELL G3电脑。

java中的string是什么

在Java中,String是一种类类型(class type),它代表了一串字符序列,因此我们常常将它称为字符串。

字符串是 Java 中特殊的类,使用方法像一般的基本数据类型,被广泛应用在 Java 编程中。Java 没有内置的字符串类型,而是在标准 Java 类库中提供了一个 String 类来创建和操作字符串。

在 Java 中定义一个字符串最简单的方法是用双引号把它包围起来。这种用双引号括起来的一串字符实际上都是 String 对象,如字符串“Hello”在编译后即成为 String 对象。因此也可以通过创建 String 类的实例来定义字符串。

不论使用哪种形式创建字符串,字符串对象一旦被创建,其值是不能改变的,但可以使用其他变量重新赋值的方式进行更改。

注意:由于类和对象的的内容在第八章才会讲解,所以只要遇到类和对象的概念,知道如何操作就可以了,不需要明白为什么要这样使用。

Java定义字符串(2种方式)

直接定义字符串

直接定义字符串是指使用双引号表示字符串中的内容,例如“Hello Java”、“Java 编程”等。具体方法是用字符串常量直接初始化一个 String 对象,示例如下:

String str = "Hello Java";
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或者

String str;
str = "Hello Java";
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注意:字符串变量必须经过初始化才能使用。

例 1:下面的实例演示了直接创建字符串的几种用法。

String str = "我是一只小小鸟"; // 结果:我是一只小小鸟
String word;
word = "I am a bird"; // 结果:I am a bird
word = "<h1>to fly</h1>"; // 结果:<h1>to fly</h1>
word = "Let\&#39;s say that it\&#39;s true"; // 结果:Let&#39;s say that it&#39;s true
System.out.println(word);
word = "北京\\上海\\广州"; // 结果:北京\上海\广州
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使用 String 类定义

前面我们提到在 Java 中每个双引号定义的字符串都是一个 String 类的对象。因此,可以通过使用 String 类的构造方法来创建字符串,该类位于 java.lang 包中(关于 Java 常用的包,教程后面会详细讲解)。

String 类的构造方法有多种重载形式,每种形式都可以定义字符串。下面介绍最常用的几种形式。

注意:具有和类名相同的名称,而且没有返回类型的方法称为构造方法。重载是指在一个类中定义多个同名的方法,但要求每个方法具有不同的参数的类型或参数的个数。教程后面会详细讲解,这里了解一下就可以。

1. String()

初始化一个新创建的 String 对象,表示一个空字符序列。

2. String(String original)

初始化一个新创建的 String 对象,使其表示一个与参数相同的字符序列。换句话说,新创建的字符串是该参数字符串的副本。例如:

String str1 = new String("Hello Java");
String str2 = new String(str1);
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这里 str1 和 str2 的值是相等的。

3. String(char[ ]value)

分配一个新的字符串,将参数中的字符数组元素全部变为字符串。该字符数组的内容已被复制,后续对字符数组的修改不会影响新创建的字符串。例如:

char a[] = {&#39;H&#39;,&#39;e&#39;,&#39;l&#39;,&#39;l&#39;,&#39;0&#39;};
String sChar = new String(a);
a[1] = &#39;s&#39;;
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上述 sChar 变量的值是字符串“Hello”。 即使在创建字符串之后,对 a 数组中的第 2 个元素进行了修改,但未影响 sChar 的值。

注意:如果你不知道数组是什么,可先阅读《Java数组简介》一节对数组大概了解之后再继续学习本节内容。

4. String(char[] value,int offset,int count)

分配一个新的 String,它包含来自该字符数组参数一个子数组的字符。offset 参数是子数组第一个字符的索引,count 参数指定子数组的长度。该子数组的内容已被赋值,后续对字符数组的修改不会影响新创建的字符串。例如:

char a[]={&#39;H&#39;,&#39;e&#39;,&#39;l&#39;,&#39;l&#39;,&#39;o&#39;};
String sChar=new String(a,1,4);
a[1]=&#39;s&#39;;
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上述 sChar 变量的值是字符串“ello”。该构造方法使用字符数组中的部分连续元素来创建字符串对象。offset 参数指定起始索引值,count 指定截取元素的个数。创建字符串对象后,即使在后面修改了 a 数组中第 2 个元素的值,对 sChar 的值也没有任何影响。

更多编程相关知识,请访问:编程教学!!

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