There are several types of browser kernels

There are 5 types of browser kernels: 1. Trident kernel, also called ie kernel, which is a typesetting engine developed by Microsoft; 2. Gecko (Firefox) kernel, which is characterized by completely open code, therefore, its The degree of development is very high, and programmers all over the world can write code for it and add functions; 3. WebKit kernel, which is developed by Apple; 4. Presto kernel, which is characterized by the optimization of rendering speed to the extreme, but the price is The compatibility of web pages is sacrificed; 5. Blink core is a browser typesetting engine.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.

A browser is an application used to retrieve, display, and deliver Web information resources.

The browser kernel (Rendering Engine) refers to the core part of the browser, which is responsible for interpreting the syntax of web pages (such as HTML and JavaScript, an application under standard universal markup language) and rendering (displaying) web pages.

So, the so-called browser kernel is the rendering engine used by the browser. The rendering engine determines how the browser displays the content of the web page and the format information of the page. Different browser kernels have different interpretations of web page writing syntax, so the rendering (display) effect of the same web page in browsers with different kernels may also be different. This is why web page writers need to test web pages in browsers with different kernels. The reason for the display effect.

Types of browser kernels

There are many types of browsers, but there are only five mainstream kernels, and there are different browsers. It is to add different functional components on the basis of the mainstream core.

1. Trident kernel

Trident is also called the ie kernel. It is a typesetting engine developed by Microsoft. It is one of the earlier kernels. In fact, it is the latest Open kernel. At present, the IE kernel mainly provides open interfaces, and the design of the interface kernel is quite mature. The most common Trident kernels are 360 ​​Extreme Browser, IE6-IE10, and some of them are dual-core browsers. Among them, There is one core called Trident. Adding another core makes it multi-core.

Browsers that use the Trident rendering engine include: IE, Maxthon, World Window Browser, Avant, Tencent TT, Netscape 8, NetCaptor, Sleipnir, GOSURF, GreenBrowser and KKman, etc.

2. Gecko (Firefox kernel)

Gecko (Firefox kernel): The kernel started to be adopted by Netscape6, and later Mozilla FireFox (Firefox browser) also adopted it. The core feature of Gecko is that the code is completely open. Therefore, it is highly developable and programmers around the world can write code for it and add functions. Because this is an open source kernel, it is favored by many people. There are also many browsers with the Gecko kernel. This is also an important reason why the market share of the Gecko kernel can increase rapidly even though it is young.

In fact, the origin of the Gecko engine has something to do with IE. As mentioned before, IE did not use W3C standards, which led to dissatisfaction among some developers within Microsoft; they had conflicts with Netscape, which had stopped updating at that time. Some employees founded Mozilla together and rewrote the kernel based on the Mosaic kernel at that time, so Gecko was developed. But in fact, the browser with the Gecko core still has the most users of Firefox, so it is sometimes called the Firefox core. In addition, Gecko is also a cross-platform kernel and can be used in Windows, BSD, Linux and Mac OS X.

Supplement: The JavaScript engine is: SpiderMonkey (1.0-3.0)/TraceMonkey (3.5-3.6)/JaegerMonkey (4.0).

Common browsers with Gecko kernel: Mozilla Firefox, Mozilla SeaMonkey, waterfox (64-bit open source version of Firefox), Iceweasel, Epiphany (early version), Flock (early version), K-Meleon.

3. WebKit kernel

WebKit is the kernel developed by Apple, mainly the Safari browser. WebKit not only has a typesetting engine, but also a js parsing engine, which is the most popular on the market. Google, 360 and Sogou also use the Webkit kernel, while Google uses its own v8 engine.

Representative works include Safari and Chrome. WebKit is an open source project that includes some components from the KDE project and Apple. It is mainly used in Mac OS systems. It is characterized by a clear source code structure and extremely fast rendering speed. The disadvantage is that the compatibility with web page code is not high, resulting in some non-standard web pages being unable to display properly.

4. Presto kernel

Presto (pre-Opera kernel): The kernel once used by Opera12.17 and earlier versions has stopped development and been abandoned. This kernel First used in Opera 7 in 2003, this engine is characterized by the optimization of rendering speed to the extreme, but at the expense of web page compatibility.

In fact, this is a dynamic kernel. The biggest difference from the previous kernels is script processing. Presto has a natural advantage. All or part of the page can be re-parsed in response to script events. . In addition, the kernel has the fastest speed when executing Javascript. According to tests under the same conditions, the time required for the Presto kernel to execute the same Javascript is only about 1/3 of the Trident and Gecko kernels (the Trident kernel is the slowest, but the two There is not much difference). One of the editors of this article believes that the above test information is too old and incomplete, because the small test he has done shows that Presto is partly fast and partly slow, and the cores are generally equivalent. During that test, because the hardware conditions of Apple machines were different from ordinary PCs, the WebCore kernel was not tested. It's a pity that Presto is a commercial engine. Apart from Opera, the only ones using Presto are NDSBrowser, Wii Internet Channel, Nokia 770 web browser, etc. This has greatly restricted the development of Presto.

Representative work Opera. Presto is a browser layout engine developed by Opera Software for use with Opera 7.0 and above. It replaces the Elektra layout engine used in the old versions of Opera 4 to 6, and includes the addition of dynamic features. For example, web pages or parts thereof can be rearranged according to DOM and Script syntax events.

5. Blink core

Blink is a browser layout engine developed by Google and Opera Software. Google plans to use this rendering engine as part of the Chromium plan, and This news was announced in April 2013. This rendering engine is a fork of the WebCore component of the open source engine WebKit, and is used in Chrome (28 and later versions), Opera (15 and later versions) and Yandex browsers.

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