


Quick check! Comprehensive list of commonly used Git commands [Summary recommendations]
git common commands
1. Commonly used
$ git remote add origin git@github.com:yeszao/dofiler.git # 配置远程git版本库 $ git pull origin master # 下载代码及快速合并 $ git push origin master # 上传代码及快速合并 $ git fetch origin # 从远程库获取代码 $ git branch # 显示所有分支 $ git checkout master # 切换到master分支 $ git checkout -b dev # 创建并切换到dev分支 $ git commit -m "first version" # 提交 $ git status # 查看状态 $ git log # 查看提交历史 $ git config --global core.editor vim # 设置默认编辑器为vim(git默认用nano) $ git config core.ignorecase false # 设置大小写敏感 $ git config --global user.name "YOUR NAME" # 设置用户名 $ git config --global user.email "YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS" # 设置邮箱
2. Alias
$ git config --global alias.br="branch" # 创建/查看本地分支 $ git config --global alias.co="checkout" # 切换分支 $ git config --global alias.cb="checkout -b" # 创建并切换到新分支 $ git config --global alias.cm="commit -m" # 提交 $ git config --global alias.st="status" # 查看状态 $ git config --global alias.pullm="pull origin master" # 拉取分支 $ git config --global alias.pushm="push origin master" # 提交分支 $ git config --global alias.log="git log --oneline --graph --decorate --color=always" # 单行、分颜色显示记录 $ git config --global alias.logg="git log --graph --all --format=format:'%C(bold blue)%h%C(reset) - %C(bold green)(%ar)%C(reset) %C(white)%s%C(reset) %C(bold white)— %an%C(reset)%C(bold yellow)%d%C(reset)' --abbrev-commit --date=relative" # 复杂显示
3. Create a repository
$ git clone <url> # 克隆远程版本库 $ git init # 初始化本地版本库
4. Modify and commit
$ git status # 查看状态 $ git diff # 查看变更内容 $ git add . # 跟踪所有改动过的文件 $ git add <file> # 跟踪指定的文件 $ git mv <old> <new> # 文件改名 $ git rm <file> # 删除文件 $ git rm --cached <file> # 停止跟踪文件但不删除 $ git commit -m “commit message” # 提交所有更新过的文件 $ git commit --amend # 修改最后一次提交
5. View history
$ git log # 查看提交历史 $ git log -p <file> # 查看指定文件的提交历史 $ git blame <file> # 以列表方式查看指定文件的提交历史
6. Undo
$ git reset --hard HEAD # 撤消工作目录中所有未提交文件的修改内容 $ git reset --hard <version> # 撤销到某个特定版本 $ git checkout HEAD <file> # 撤消指定的未提交文件的修改内容 $ git checkout -- <file> # 同上一个命令 $ git revert <commit> # 撤消指定的提交分支与标签
7. Branch and tag
$ git branch # 显示所有本地分支 $ git checkout <branch/tag> # 切换到指定分支或标签 $ git branch <new-branch> # 创建新分支 $ git branch -d <branch> # 删除本地分支 $ git tag # 列出所有本地标签 $ git tag <tagname> # 基于最新提交创建标签 $ git tag -a "v1.0" -m "一些说明" # -a指定标签名称,-m指定标签说明 $ git tag -d <tagname> # 删除标签 $ git checkout dev # 合并特定的commit到dev分支上 $ git cherry-pick 62ecb3
8. Merge and rebase
$ git merge <branch> # 合并指定分支到当前分支 $ git merge --abort # 取消当前合并,重建合并前状态 $ git merge dev -Xtheirs # 以合并dev分支到当前分支,有冲突则以dev分支为准 $ git rebase <branch> # 衍合指定分支到当前分支
9. Remote operation
$ git remote -v # 查看远程版本库信息 $ git remote show <remote> # 查看指定远程版本库信息 $ git remote add <remote> <url> # 添加远程版本库 $ git remote remove <remote> # 删除指定的远程版本库 $ git fetch <remote> # 从远程库获取代码 $ git pull <remote> <branch> # 下载代码及快速合并 $ git push <remote> <branch> # 上传代码及快速合并 $ git push <remote> :<branch/tag-name> # 删除远程分支或标签 $ git push --tags # 上传所有标签
10. Packaging
$ git archive --format=zip --output ../file.zip master # 将master分支打包成file.zip文件,保存在上一级目录 $ git archive --format=zip --output ../v1.2.zip v1.2 # 打包v1.2标签的文件,保存在上一级目录v1.2.zip文件中 $ git archive --format=zip v1.2 > ../v1.2.zip # 作用同上一条命令
11. Global and local configuration
全局配置保存在:$Home/.gitconfig 本地仓库配置保存在:.git/config
12. Remote and local merge
$ git init # 初始化本地代码仓 $ git add . # 添加本地代码 $ git commit -m "add local source" # 提交本地代码 $ git pull origin master # 下载远程代码 $ git merge master # 合并master分支 $ git push -u origin master # 上传代码
Recommended: "Git Usage Tutorial"
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