Detailed explanation of PHP sprintf() formatting usage
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php sprintf函数是一个非常强大的函数,本篇文章特别记录一下php中的sprintf函数格式化字符串的相关用法。
定义和用法
sprintf() 函数把格式化的字符串写入一个变量中。
语法
sprintf(format,arg1,arg2,arg++)
参数 描述
format 必需。转换格式。
arg1 必需。规定插到 format 字符串中第一个 % 符号处的参数。
arg2 可选。规定插到 format 字符串中第二个 % 符号处的参数。
arg++ 可选。规定插到 format 字符串中第三、四等等 % 符号处的参数。
说明
参数 format 是转换的格式,以百分比符号 (“%”) 开始到转换字符结束。下面的可能的 format 值:
%% - 返回百分比符号
%b - 二进制数
%c - 依照 ASCII 值的字符
%d - 带符号十进制数
%e - 可续计数法(比如 1.5e+3)
%u - 无符号十进制数
%f - 浮点数(本地设置)
%F - 浮点数(非本地设置)
%o - 八进制数
%s - 字符串
%x - 十六进制数(小写字母)
%X - 十六进制数(大写字母)
arg1, arg2, ++ 等参数将插入到主字符串中的百分号 (%) 符号处。该函数是逐步执行的。在第一个 % 符号中,插入 arg1,在第二个 % 符号处,插入 arg2,依此类推。
提示和注释
注释:如果 % 符号多于 arg 参数,则您必须使用占位符。占位符插到 % 符号后面,由数字和 “$“ 组成,如:n$。请参见例子2。
提示: 相关函数: fprintf()、 printf()、 vfprintf()、 vprintf() 以及 vsprintf()。
例子 1
echo sprintf("hello %s. Day number %d", 'hello', 123); //输出:Hello world. Day number 123
例子 2
<?php $number = 124 / 3; $txt = sprintf("标准结果:%f,精确二位:%.2f", $number, $number); //或者:$txt = sprintf("标准结果:%1\$f,精确二位:%1\$.2f", $number); echo $txt; //输出:标准结果:41.333333,精确二位:41.33
例子 3
//php格式化数字:位数不足前面加0补足 $var = sprintf("%04d", 2); //生成4位数,不足前面补0 echo $var; //输出:0002
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