How to implement java serialization
序列化的实现:
将需要被序列化的类实现Serializable接口,该接口没有需要实现的方法,implements Serializable
只是为了标注该对象是可被序列化的,然后使用一个输出流(如:FileOutputStream
)来构造一个ObjectOutputStream
(对象流)对象,接着,使用ObjectOutputStream
对象的writeObject(Object obj)
方法就可以将参数为obj的对象写出(即保存其状态),要恢复的话则用输入流。
对象序列化
java.io.ObjectOutputStream
代表对象输出流,它的writeObject(Object obj)
方法可对参数指定的obj对象进行序列化,把得到的字节序列写到一个目标输出流中。只有实现了Serializable
和Externalizable
接口的类的对象才能被序列化。
java.io.ObjectInputStream
代表对象输入流,它的readObject()
方法从一个源输入流中读取字节序列,再把它们反序列化为一个对象,并将其返回。
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代码示例:
import java.io.*; import java.util.Date; public class ObjectSaver { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { /*其中的 D:\\objectFile.obj 表示存放序列化对象的文件*/ //序列化对象 ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("D:\\objectFile.obj")); Customer customer = new Customer("王麻子", 24); out.writeObject("你好!"); //写入字面值常量 out.writeObject(new Date()); //写入匿名Date对象 out.writeObject(customer); //写入customer对象 out.close(); //反序列化对象 ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("D:\\objectFile.obj")); System.out.println("obj1 " + (String) in.readObject()); //读取字面值常量 System.out.println("obj2 " + (Date) in.readObject()); //读取匿名Date对象 Customer obj3 = (Customer) in.readObject(); //读取customer对象 System.out.println("obj3 " + obj3); in.close(); } } class Customer implements Serializable { private String name; private int age; public Customer(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } public String toString() { return "name=" + name + ", age=" + age; } }
执行结果:
说明:
1、读取对象的顺序与写入时的顺序要一致。
2、对象的默认序列化机制写入的内容是:对象的类,类签名,以及非瞬态和非静态字段的值。
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