Home Web Front-end HTML Tutorial 第 18 章 CSS 表格与列表 - 水之原

第 18 章 CSS 表格与列表 - 水之原

May 20, 2016 pm 04:49 PM

学习要点:

1.表格样式

2.列表样式

3.其他功能

 

主讲教师:李炎恢

 

本章主要探讨 HTML5 中 CSS 表格和列表,通过表格和列表的样式设置,让表格和列表显示更加多元化。

 

一.表格样式

表格有五种独有样式,样式表如下:

 

1.border-collapse

<span style="color: #800000;">table </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    border-collapse</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> collapse</span>;
}<span style="font-family: verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5; background-color: #ffffff;"> </span>
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解释:单元格相邻的边框被合并。

 

2.border-spacing

说明

CSS 版本

长度值

0 表示间距,其他使用 CSS 长度值

2

<span style="color: #800000;">table </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    border-spacing</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 10px</span>;
}
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解释:border-collapse: separate;的状态下才有效。因为要设置间距,不能合并。

 

3.caption-side

说明

CSS 版本

top

默认值,标题在上方

2

bottom

标题在下方

2

<span style="color: #800000;">table </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    table-layout</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> fixed</span>;
}
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解释:内容过长后,不会拉伸整个单元格。

 

4.empty-cells

说明

CSS 版本

show

默认值,显示边框

2

hide

不显示边框

2

<span style="color: #800000;">table </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    empty-cells</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> hide</span>;
}
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解释:单元格内容为空是隐藏边框。

 

5.table-layout

说明

CSS 版本

auto

默认值,内容过长时,拉伸整个单元格

2

fixed

内容过长时,不拉伸整个单元格

2

<span style="color: #800000;">table </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">

  table-layout</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> fixed</span>;

}
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解释:内容过长后,不会拉伸整个单元格。

 

二.列表样式

列表有四种独有样式,样式表如下:

 

1.list-style-type

 

<span style="color: #800000;">ul </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    list-style-type</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> square</span>;
}
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解释:列表前缀的标记类型,这里是 CSS1 版本的。CSS2 版本还包含比如日文、亚美尼亚数字、希腊文等前缀。有兴趣的可以参考 CSS 手册。

 

2.list-type-position

说明

CSS 版本

outside

默认值,标记位于内容框外部

1

inside

标记位于内容框内部

1

<span style="color: #800000;">ul </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    width</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> 120px</span>;<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    list-style-position</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> inside</span>;
}
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解释:标记位于内容框的内部。

 

3.list-type-image

说明

CSS 版本

none

不使用图像

1

url

通过 url 使用图像

1

<span style="color: #800000;">ul </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    list-style-image</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> url(bullet.png)</span>;
}
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解释:使用图片作为前缀的标记。

 

4.list-style

<span style="color: #800000;">ul </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    list-style</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> lower-alpha inside url(bullet.png)</span>;
}
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解释:简写形式。

 

三.其他功能

单元格,我们可以使用 text-align 属性水平对齐,但是垂直对齐就无法操作了。CSS 提供了 vertical-align 属性用于垂直对齐。

说明

CSS 版本

baseline

内容对象与基线对齐

1

top

内容对象与顶端对齐

1

middle

内容对象与中部对齐

1

bottom

内容对象与底部对齐

1

 

<span style="color: #800000;">table tr td </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    vertical-align</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> bottom</span>;
}
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解释:将单元格内的内容对象实现垂直对齐。

 

说明

CSS 版本

sub

垂直对齐文本的下标

1

super

垂直对齐文本的上标

1

<span style="color: #800000;">b </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    vertical-align</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> super</span>;
}
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解释:文本上下标设置。

 

说明

CSS 版本

长度值

设置上下的偏移量,可以是负值

1

百分比

同上

1

<span style="color: #800000;">div span </span>{<span style="color: #ff0000;">
    vertical-align</span>:<span style="color: #0000ff;"> -200px</span>;
}
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解释:负值往下,正值往上。如果默认基线在上面,用负数。如果默认基线在下面,用正值。

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