A simple way to match URLs with regular expressions in php-PHP开发-php.cn

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A simple way to match URLs with regular expressions in php

黄舟

Dec 12, 2016 pm 03:54 PM

在PHP的官网上看到的parse_url()函数的替代方案。结果和parse_url()函数差不多，是使用正则实现的。URI 是 Web上可用的每种资源 - HTML文档、图像、视频片段、程序等 - 由一个通用资源标志符（Uniform Resource Identifier, 简称"URI"）进行定位。对象分组：


^(([^:/?#]+):)?(//([^/?#]*))?([^?#]*)(\?([^#]*))?(#(.*))?
12            3  4

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测试代码如下：

<?php
$search = &#39;~^(([^:/?#]+):)?(//([^/?#]*))?([^?#]*)(\?([^#]*))?(#(.*))?~i&#39;;
$url = &#39;http://www.jb51.net/pub/ietf/uri/#Gonn&#39;;
$url = trim($url);
preg_match_all($search, $url ,$rr);
printf("<p>输出URL数据为：</p><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">%s

\n",var_export( $rr ,TRUE)); /* 各分组如下 $1 = http: $2 = http $3 = //www.nowamagic.net $4 = www.nowamagic.net $5 = /pub/ietf/uri/ $6 = $7 = $8 = #Gonn $9 = Gonn */ ?>

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上面的正则表达式可以获取URL中的任何一部分，下面的代码则简单一些：

<?php 
// 从 URL 中取得主机名 
preg_match("/^(http:\/\/)?([^\/]+)/i", "http://www.jb51.net/index.html", $matches); 
$host = $matches[2]; 
// 从主机名中取得后面两段 
preg_match("/[^\.\/]+\.[^\.\/]+$/", $host, $matches); 
echo "domain name is: {$matches[0]}\n"; 
?>

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