「CSS」Margin Collapsing
外边距合并在排版上带来非常大的便利,但是人们对其不甚了解,导致使用外边距的时候总是出现繁多问题,今日写下一片文章,总结一下外边距合并。
三种基本的外边距合并
只有上外边距和下外边距才会触发外边距合并,左外边距和右外边距不会。外边距合并都是基于以下三种基本的外边距合并。
1. 相邻的同胞元素
我们考虑两个连续的 div,他们的上下左右的边距都是 50px。此时,第一个区域的下外边距 和 第二个区域的上外边距 合并,故他们的间隔是 50px。
<style> .margin-box { width: 50px; height: 50px; margin: 50px; background: #fae900; }</style><div class="margin-box"></div><div class="margin-box"></div>
2. 父元素与子元素
第一个子元素的上外边距和父元素的上外边距会进行合并
最后一个子元素的下外边距和父元素的下外边距会进行合并
合并的视觉效果就是这些合并的外边距 表现为父元素的外边距。
我们使用一个有颜色区域包含另外一个不同颜色的区域。里面的区域所有的外边距设为50px。
<div style="background: #cccdd1;"> <div class="margin-box"></div></div>
我们可以看到, margin-box 的左边和右边都展示为 #cccdd1, 而由于上边和下边的外边距和父元素的合并了,并表示为父元素的外边距,故颜色为父元素的父元素的背景色(若又发生合并,递推即可)。
细心的读者会发现,我并没有设置父元素的 margin,何来合并一说?
这是因为当 margin 为 0 的时候也会发生合并。
3. 空元素
它自己的上外边距和下外边距合并了。°(°?Д?°) °
阻止外边距合并
第二种情况不合并
设置 overflow: hidden;(不为 visible 都可)。
由于 margin 需要直接接触才能够合并,根据盒子模型,我们可以设置父元素的 边框 或 内边距,或者使用某些元素将第一个元素和父元素隔开(那就不是第一个元素了)。
三种情况都不合并
只有在静态流的元素才会发生外边距合并,故设置 float, position: absolute; 都可以使得外边距在何种情况都不合并。
inline-block 是个例外,它既没有脱离文档流,但是它的所有的外边距都不会合并。
DEMO
听说技术文章和 DEMO 更配噢~
git clone https://github.com/JasonKid/fezone.git 搜索 Margin Collapsing
记得点赞... (??□′)?? ┴─┴

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics











The roles of HTML, CSS and JavaScript in web development are: 1. HTML defines the web page structure, 2. CSS controls the web page style, and 3. JavaScript adds dynamic behavior. Together, they build the framework, aesthetics and interactivity of modern websites.

The future trends of HTML are semantics and web components, the future trends of CSS are CSS-in-JS and CSSHoudini, and the future trends of JavaScript are WebAssembly and Serverless. 1. HTML semantics improve accessibility and SEO effects, and Web components improve development efficiency, but attention should be paid to browser compatibility. 2. CSS-in-JS enhances style management flexibility but may increase file size. CSSHoudini allows direct operation of CSS rendering. 3.WebAssembly optimizes browser application performance but has a steep learning curve, and Serverless simplifies development but requires optimization of cold start problems.

The future of HTML is full of infinite possibilities. 1) New features and standards will include more semantic tags and the popularity of WebComponents. 2) The web design trend will continue to develop towards responsive and accessible design. 3) Performance optimization will improve the user experience through responsive image loading and lazy loading technologies.

HTML is the cornerstone of building web page structure. 1. HTML defines the content structure and semantics, and uses, etc. tags. 2. Provide semantic markers, such as, etc., to improve SEO effect. 3. To realize user interaction through tags, pay attention to form verification. 4. Use advanced elements such as, combined with JavaScript to achieve dynamic effects. 5. Common errors include unclosed labels and unquoted attribute values, and verification tools are required. 6. Optimization strategies include reducing HTTP requests, compressing HTML, using semantic tags, etc.

The roles of HTML, CSS and JavaScript in web development are: HTML is responsible for content structure, CSS is responsible for style, and JavaScript is responsible for dynamic behavior. 1. HTML defines the web page structure and content through tags to ensure semantics. 2. CSS controls the web page style through selectors and attributes to make it beautiful and easy to read. 3. JavaScript controls web page behavior through scripts to achieve dynamic and interactive functions.

HTML, CSS and JavaScript are the core technologies for building modern web pages: 1. HTML defines the web page structure, 2. CSS is responsible for the appearance of the web page, 3. JavaScript provides web page dynamics and interactivity, and they work together to create a website with a good user experience.

HTMLisnotaprogramminglanguage;itisamarkuplanguage.1)HTMLstructuresandformatswebcontentusingtags.2)ItworkswithCSSforstylingandJavaScriptforinteractivity,enhancingwebdevelopment.

The article discusses the differences between HTML tags , , , and , focusing on their semantic vs. presentational uses and their impact on SEO and accessibility.
